Related papers: Between Turing and Kleene
We consider computations of a Turing machine subjected to noise. In every step, the action (the new state and the new content of the observed cell, the direction of the head movement) can differ from that prescribed by the transition…
We propose Token Turing Machines (TTM), a sequential, autoregressive Transformer model with memory for real-world sequential visual understanding. Our model is inspired by the seminal Neural Turing Machine, and has an external memory…
Quantum Kernels are projected to provide early-stage usefulness for quantum machine learning. However, highly sophisticated classical models are hard to surpass without losing interpretability, particularly when vast datasets can be…
In this chapter we review the main literature related to the recent advancement of deep neural-kernel architecture, an approach that seek the synergy between two powerful class of models, i.e. kernel-based models and artificial neural…
Turing machines and register machines have been used for decades in theoretical computer science as abstract models of computation. Also the $\lambda$-calculus has played a central role in this domain as it allows to focus on the notion of…
According to the Church-Turing Thesis (CTT), effective formal behaviours can be simulated by Turing machines; this has naturally led to speculation that physical systems can also be simulated computationally. But is this wider claim true,…
Weighted programs generalize probabilistic programs and offer a framework for specifying and encoding mathematical models by means of an algorithmic representation. Kleene algebra with tests is an algebraic formalism based on regular…
Historically, the notion of effective algorithm is closely related to the Church-Turing thesis. But effectivity imposes no restriction on computation time or any other resource; in that sense, it is incompatible with engineering or physics.…
As quantum computers become increasingly practical, so does the prospect of using quantum computation to improve upon traditional algorithms. Kernel methods in machine learning is one area where such improvements could be realized in the…
The Turing Test (TT) checks for human intelligence, rather than any putative general intelligence. It involves repeated interaction requiring learning in the form of adaption to the human conversation partner. It is a macro-level post-hoc…
In the paper we define three new complexity classes for Turing Machine undecidable problems inspired by the famous Cook/Levin's NP-complete complexity class for intractable problems. These are U-complete (Universal complete), D-complete…
Taking the view that computation is after all physical, we argue that physics, particularly quantum physics, could help extend the notion of computability. Here, we list the important and unique features of quantum mechanics and then…
We prove that quantum Turing machines are strictly superior to probabilistic Turing machines in function computation for any space bound $ o(\log(n)) $.
The 75th anniversary of Turing's seminal paper and his centennial year anniversary occur in 2011 and 2012, respectively. It is natural to review and assess Turing's contributions in diverse fields in the light of new developments that his…
In this paper we shall relate computational complexity to the principle of natural selection. We shall do this by giving a philosophical account of complexity versus universality. It seems sustainable to equate universal systems to complex…
This paper provides a new and more direct proof of the assertion that a Turing computable function of the natural numbers is primitive recursive if and only if the time complexity of the corresponding Turing machine is bounded by a…
This tutorial deal with the Axiom of Choice and some of its applications to topics related to Computer Science. We will see that the Axiom of Choice is equivalent to some well-known proof principles like Zorn's Lemma or Tuckey's Maximality…
The interplay between supersymmetry and classical and quantum computation is discussed. First, it is shown that the problem of computing the Witten index of $\mathcal N \leq 2$ quantum mechanical systems is $\#P$-complete and therefore…
The model of local Turing machines is introduced, including classical and quantum ones, in the framework of matrix-product states. The locality refers to the fact that at any instance of the computation the heads of a Turing machine have…
The theory of computer science is based around Universal Turing Machines (UTMs): abstract machines able to execute all possible algorithms. Modern digital computers are physical embodiments of UTMs. The nondeterministic polynomial (NP) time…