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A simple linear-time algorithm for constructing a linear context-free tree grammar of size O(rg + r g log (n/r g))for a given input tree T of size n is presented, where g is the size of a minimal linear context-free tree grammar for T, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Artur Jeż , Markus Lohrey

The $k$-mismatch problem consists in computing the Hamming distance between a pattern $P$ of length $m$ and every length-$m$ substring of a text $T$ of length $n$, if this distance is no more than $k$. In many real-world applications, any…

The NP-complete Permutation Pattern Matching problem asks whether a permutation P (the pattern) can be matched into a permutation T (the text). A matching is an order-preserving embedding of P into T. In the Generalized Permutation Pattern…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-01-15 Marie-Louise Bruner , Martin Lackner

The edit distance problem is a classical fundamental problem in computer science in general, and in combinatorial pattern matching in particular. The standard dynamic programming solution for this problem computes the edit-distance between…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-05 Danny Hermelin , Gad M. Landau , Shir Landau , Oren Weimann

The equidistant subsequence pattern matching problem is considered. Given a pattern string $P$ and a text string $T$, we say that $P$ is an \emph{equidistant subsequence} of $T$ if $P$ is a subsequence of the text such that consecutive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Mitsuru Funakoshi , Yuto Nakashima , Shunsuke Inenaga , Hideo Bannai , Masayuki Takeda , Ayumi Shinohara

The Karp-Rabin fingerprint of a string is a type of hash value that due to its strong properties has been used in many string algorithms. In this paper we show how to construct a data structure for a string $S$ of size $N$ compressed by a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-05-17 Philip Bille , Patrick Hagge Cording , Inge Li Gørtz , Benjamin Sach , Hjalte Wedel Vildhøj , Søren Vind

The Cartesian tree of a sequence captures the relative order of the sequence's elements. In recent years, Cartesian tree matching has attracted considerable attention, particularly due to its applications in time series analysis. Consider a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Panagiotis Charalampopoulos , Jonas Ellert , Manal Mohamed

Let $t$ be a permutation (that shall play the role of the {\em text}) on $[n]$ and a pattern $p$ be a sequence of $m$ distinct integer(s) of $[n]$, $m\leq n$. The pattern $p$ occurs in $t$ in position $i$ if and only if $p_1... p_m$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-04-29 Djamal Belazzougui , Adeline Pierrot , Mathieu Raffinot , Stéphane Vialette

We study the classical approximate string matching problem, that is, given strings $P$ and $Q$ and an error threshold $k$, find all ending positions of substrings of $Q$ whose edit distance to $P$ is at most $k$. Let $P$ and $Q$ have…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-03-21 Philip Bille

Frequent pattern mining is a flagship problem in data mining. In its most basic form, it asks for the set of substrings of a given string $S$ of length $n$ that occur at least $\tau$ times in $S$, for some integer $\tau\in[1,n]$. We…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Pengxin Bian , Panagiotis Charalampopoulos , Lorraine A. K. Ayad , Manal Mohamed , Solon P. Pissis , Grigorios Loukides

We introduce the first grammar-compressed representation of a sequence that supports searches in time that depends only logarithmically on the size of the grammar. Given a text $T[1..u]$ that is represented by a (context-free) grammar of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-10-21 Francisco Claude , Gonzalo Navarro

In this work, we tackle a natural variation of the String Matching Problem on the case of a dynamic pattern, that is, given a static text $T$ and a pattern $P$, we want to support character additions and deletions to the pattern, and after…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Bruno Monteiro , Vinicius dos Santos

This paper deals with the two fundamental problems concerning the handling of large n-gram language models: indexing, that is compressing the n-gram strings and associated satellite data without compromising their retrieval speed; and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Giulio Ermanno Pibiri , Rossano Venturini

String matching is the problem of finding all the occurrences of a pattern in a text. We propose improved versions of the fast family of string matching algorithms based on hashing $q$-grams. The improvement consists of considering minimal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Thierry Lecroq

The $d$-dimensional pattern matching problem is to find an occurrence of a pattern of length $m \times \dots \times m$ within a text of length $n \times \dots \times n$, with $n \ge m$. This task models various problems in text and image…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-27 Ashley Montanaro

We present an algorithm for computing the Lyndon factorization of a string that is given in grammar compressed form, namely, a Straight Line Program (SLP). The algorithm runs in $O(n^4 + mn^3h)$ time and $O(n^2)$ space, where $m$ is the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-04-29 Tomohiro I , Yuto Nakashima , Shunsuke Inenaga , Hideo Bannai , Masayuki Takeda

Exact pattern matching in labeled graphs is the problem of searching paths of a graph $G=(V,E)$ that spell the same string as the given pattern $P[1..m]$. This basic problem can be found at the heart of more complex operations on variation…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Massimo Equi , Roberto Grossi , Alexandru I. Tomescu , Veli Mäkinen

Packing several characters into one computer word is a simple and natural way to compress the representation of a string and to speed up its processing. Exploiting this idea, we propose an index for a packed string, based on a {\em sparse…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Roman Kolpakov , Gregory Kucherov , Tatiana Starikovskaya

Re-Pair is an effective grammar-based compression scheme achieving strong compression rates in practice. Let $n$, $\sigma$, and $d$ be the text length, alphabet size, and dictionary size of the final grammar, respectively. In their original…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Philip Bille , Inge Li Gørtz , Nicola Prezza

We study the design of efficient algorithms for combinatorial pattern matching. More concretely, we study algorithms for tree matching, string matching, and string matching in compressed texts.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-09-03 Philip Bille
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