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In the recent years, various gradient descent algorithms including the methods of gradient descent, gradient descent with momentum, adaptive gradient (AdaGrad), root-mean-square propagation (RMSProp) and adaptive moment estimation (Adam)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Abel C. H. Chen

Machine learning algorithms often contain many hyperparameters (HPs) whose values affect the predictive performance of the induced models in intricate ways. Due to the high number of possibilities for these HP configurations and their…

In modern deep learning, the models are learned by applying gradient updates using an optimizer, which transforms the updates based on various statistics. Optimizers are often hand-designed and tuning their hyperparameters is a big part of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Gus Kristiansen , Mark Sandler , Andrey Zhmoginov , Nolan Miller , Anirudh Goyal , Jihwan Lee , Max Vladymyrov

Machine learning training methods depend plentifully and intricately on hyperparameters, motivating automated strategies for their optimisation. Many existing algorithms restart training for each new hyperparameter choice, at considerable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Ross M. Clarke , Elre T. Oldewage , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Gradient clipping is a fundamental tool in Deep Learning, improving the high-probability convergence of stochastic first-order methods like SGD, AdaGrad, and Adam under heavy-tailed noise, which is common in training large language models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Saleh Vatan Khah , Savelii Chezhegov , Shahrokh Farahmand , Samuel Horváth , Eduard Gorbunov

Language model alignment is crucial for ensuring that large language models (LLMs) align with human preferences, yet it often involves sensitive user data, raising significant privacy concerns. While prior work has integrated differential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Keyu Chen , Hao Tang , Qinglin Liu , Yizhao Xu

Machine learning pipelines often rely on optimization procedures to make discrete decisions (e.g., sorting, picking closest neighbors, or shortest paths). Although these discrete decisions are easily computed, they break the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Quentin Berthet , Mathieu Blondel , Olivier Teboul , Marco Cuturi , Jean-Philippe Vert , Francis Bach

We propose the notion of empirical privacy variance and study it in the context of differentially private fine-tuning of language models. Specifically, we show that models calibrated to the same $(\varepsilon, \delta)$-DP guarantee using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuzheng Hu , Fan Wu , Ruicheng Xian , Yuhang Liu , Lydia Zakynthinou , Pritish Kamath , Chiyuan Zhang , David Forsyth

We study the design of differentially private algorithms for adaptive analysis of dynamically growing databases, where a database accumulates new data entries while the analysis is ongoing. We provide a collection of tools for machine…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Rachel Cummings , Sara Krehbiel , Kevin A. Lai , Uthaipon Tantipongpipat

The performance of many machine learning algorithms depends on their hyperparameter settings. The goal of this study is to determine whether it is important to tune a hyperparameter or whether it can be safely set to a default value. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Hilde J. P. Weerts , Andreas C. Mueller , Joaquin Vanschoren

Active learning (AL) is a widely used technique for optimizing data labeling in machine learning by iteratively selecting, labeling, and training on the most informative data. However, its integration with formal privacy-preserving methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Kristian Schwethelm , Johannes Kaiser , Jonas Kuntzer , Mehmet Yigitsoy , Daniel Rueckert , Georgios Kaissis

Differential privacy provides strong privacy guarantees for machine learning applications. Much recent work has been focused on developing differentially private models, however there has been a gap in other stages of the machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Ashly Lau , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach

Differential privacy is becoming a gold standard for privacy research; it offers a guaranteed bound on loss of privacy due to release of query results, even under worst-case assumptions. The theory of differential privacy is an active…

Language modeling is a keystone task in natural language processing. When training a language model on sensitive information, differential privacy (DP) allows us to quantify the degree to which our private data is protected. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Gavin Kerrigan , Dylan Slack , Jens Tuyls

Hyperparameters play a critical role in machine learning. Hyperparameter tuning can make the difference between state-of-the-art and poor prediction performance for any algorithm, but it is particularly challenging for structure learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Damian Machlanski , Spyridon Samothrakis , Paul Clarke

Data privacy is a core tenet of responsible computing, and in the United States, differential privacy (DP) is the dominant technical operationalization of privacy-preserving data analysis. With this study, we qualitatively examine one class…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Lucas Rosenblatt , Bill Howe , Julia Stoyanovich

Machine learning is increasingly used in the most diverse applications and domains, whether in healthcare, to predict pathologies, or in the financial sector to detect fraud. One of the linchpins for efficiency and accuracy in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Tânia Carvalho , Nuno Moniz , Pedro Faria , Luís Antunes

We study differentially private (DP) machine learning algorithms as instances of noisy fixed-point iterations, in order to derive privacy and utility results from this well-studied framework. We show that this new perspective recovers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Edwige Cyffers , Aurélien Bellet , Debabrota Basu

The increased application of machine learning (ML) in sensitive domains requires protecting the training data through privacy frameworks, such as differential privacy (DP). DP requires to specify a uniform privacy level $\varepsilon$ that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Krishna Acharya , Franziska Boenisch , Rakshit Naidu , Juba Ziani

Federated learning (FL) as one of the novel branches of distributed machine learning (ML), develops global models through a private procedure without direct access to local datasets. However, access to model updates (e.g. gradient updates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Mahtab Talaei , Iman Izadi