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Ecological systems are complex dynamical systems. Modelling efforts on ecosystems' dynamical stability have revealed that population dynamics, being highly nonlinear, can be governed by complex fluctuations. Indeed, experimental and field…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-02-19 Lluís Alsedà , José Tomás Lázaro , Ricard Solé , Blai Vidiella , Josep Sardanyés

This work deals with a system of three distinct species that changes in time under the presence of mobility, selection, and reproduction, as in the popular rock-paper-scissors game. The novelty of the current study is the modification of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2018-04-06 P. P. Avelino , D. Bazeia , L. Losano , J. Menezes , B. F. de Oliveira , M. A. Santos

We study the spatial patterns formed by a system of interacting particles where the mobility of any individual is determined by the population crowding at two different spatial scales. In this way we model the behavior of some biological…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-07-08 Ricardo Martínez-García , Clara Murgui , Emilio Hernández-García , Cristóbal López

This paper treats a random collision model of three species, which is represented by the random time change of three standard Poisson processes. The prey-predator relation in the random collision model looks like paper-scissors-stone game,…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Yasunori Okabe , Hajime Mano , Yoshiaki Itoh

There are various examples of phenotypic plasticity in ecosystems that serve as the basis for a wide range of inducible defences against predation. These strategies include camouflage, burrowing, mimicry, evasive actions, and even…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-06 Sangeeta Saha , Swadesh Pal , Roderick Melnik

We study the rock-paper-scissors game in structured populations, where the invasion rates determine individual payoffs that govern the process of strategy change. The traditional version of the game is recovered if the payoffs for each…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-06-19 Attila Szolnoki , Jeromos Vukov , Matjaz Perc

Rock is wrapped by paper, paper is cut by scissors, and scissors are crushed by rock. This simple game is popular among children and adults to decide on trivial disputes that have no obvious winner, but cyclic dominance is also at the heart…

There is mounting evidence that species interactions often involve long-term memory, with highly-varying waiting times between successive events and long-range temporal correlations. Accounting for memory undermines the common Markovian…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-24 Ohad Vilk , Mauro Mobilia , Michael Assaf

How humans make decisions in non-cooperative strategic interactions is a challenging question. For the fundamental model system of Rock-Paper-Scissors (RPS) game, classic game theory of infinite rationality predicts the Nash equilibrium…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-07-29 Zhijian Wang , Bin Xu , Hai-Jun Zhou

Endangered populations often experience limited growth ability at low densities, a phenomenon described by the Allee effect. In this thesis, we investigate a predator-prey model incorporating the Allee effect within a two-dimensional…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-15 Junhui Hu

There are many positive and negative factors present in the predator-prey interaction which affect the net growth of the species. Fear of predation is one such factor that creates psychological stress in a prey species, which causes a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-25 Sangeeta Saha , Swadesh Pal , Roderick Melnik

A central goal in ecology is to understand how biodiversity is maintained. Previous theoretical works have employed the rock-paper-scissors (RPS) game as a toy model, demonstrating that population mobility is crucial in determining the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-21 Kaiwen Jiang , Chenyang Zhao , Shengfeng Deng , Weiran Cai , Jiqiang Zhang , Li Chen

Computer simulations of minimal population-dynamics models have long been used to explore questions in ecosystems coexistence and species biodiversity, via simple agent-based models of three interacting species, referred to as $R$, $P$, and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-07 Dave Cliff

Recent work has shown that pairwise interactions may not be sufficient to fully model ecological dynamics in the wild. In this letter, we consider a replicator dynamic that takes both pairwise and triadic interactions into consideration…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-05-17 Christopher Griffin , Rongling Wu

Eco-evolutionary frameworks can explain certain features of communities in which ecological and evolutionary processes occur over comparable timescales. Here, we investigate whether an evolutionary dynamics may interact with the spatial…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-04 Eduardo H. Colombo , Ricardo Martínez-García , Cristóbal , López , Emilio Hernández-García

Rock-paper-scissors (RPS) game is a nice model to study the biodiversity in ecosystem. However, the previous studies only consider the nearest- neighbor- interaction among the species. In this paper, taking the long range migration into…

Biological Physics · Physics 2012-02-15 Dong Wang , Qian Zhuang , Jing Zhang , Zengru Di

We present studies for an individual based model of three interacting populations whose individuals are mobile in a 2D-lattice. We focus on the pattern formation in the spatial distributions of the populations. Also relevant is the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-12-18 I. C. Charret , M. V. Carneiro

We study a variant of the cyclic Lotka-Volterra model with three-agent interactions. Inspired by a multiplayer variation of the Rock-Paper-Scissors game, the model describes an ideal ecosystem in which cyclic competition among three species…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-09 Filippo Palombi , Stefano Ferriani , Simona Toti

We consider the model of spatially distributed population consisting of two species with "\textsl{predator\,--\,prey}" interaction; each of the species occupies two stations. Transfer of individuals between the stations (migration) is not…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2014-05-13 Michael G. Sadovsky , Maria Yu. Senashova

Recurrence plots and their associated quantifiers provide a robust framework for detecting and characterising complex patterns in non-linear time-series. In this paper, we employ recurrence quantification analysis to investigate the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-29 M. S. Palmero , M. Bongestab , N. Marwan