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Tweedie distributions are a special case of exponential dispersion models, which are often used in classical statistics as distributions for generalized linear models. Here, we reveal that Tweedie distributions also play key roles in modern…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-08 Kwanyoung Kim , Taesung Kwon , Jong Chul Ye

Denoisers play a central role in many applications, from noise suppression in low-grade imaging sensors, to empowering score-based generative models. The latter category of methods makes use of Tweedie's formula, which links the posterior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Hila Manor , Tomer Michaeli

Denoising diffusions are state-of-the-art generative models exhibiting remarkable empirical performance. They work by diffusing the data distribution into a Gaussian distribution and then learning to reverse this noising process to obtain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-20 Joe Benton , Yuyang Shi , Valentin De Bortoli , George Deligiannidis , Arnaud Doucet

Flow-based generative modeling in continuous spaces exploit Tweedie's formula to express the denoiser (learned in training) as a score function (used in sampling). In contrast, this relation has been largely missing in the discrete setting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yair Shenfeld , Ricardo Baptista , Stefano Peluchetti

Diffusion models have quickly become some of the most popular and powerful generative models for high-dimensional data. The key insight that enabled their development was the realization that access to the score -- the gradient of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhenghan Fang , Mateo Díaz , Sam Buchanan , Jeremias Sulam

We study the problem of estimating the score function using both implicit score matching and denoising score matching. Assuming that the data distribution exhibiting a low-dimensional structure, we prove that implicit score matching is able…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Konstantin Yakovlev , Anna Markovich , Nikita Puchkin

Score matching enables the estimation of the gradient of a data distribution, a key component in denoising diffusion models used to recover clean data from corrupted inputs. In prior work, a heuristic weighting function has been used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Juyan Zhang , Rhys Newbury , Xinyang Zhang , Tin Tran , Dana Kulic , Michael Burke

Score-based generative models achieve state-of-the-art sampling performance by denoising a distribution perturbed by Gaussian noise. In this paper, we focus on a single deterministic denoising step, and compare the optimal denoiser for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Eliot Beyler , Francis Bach

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generating high-resolution, realistic images across diverse natural distributions. However, their performance heavily relies on high-quality training data, making it challenging to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Tianyu Chen , Yasi Zhang , Zhendong Wang , Ying Nian Wu , Oscar Leong , Mingyuan Zhou

We consider the problem of discrete-time signal denoising, focusing on a specific family of non-linear convolution-type estimators. Each such estimator is associated with a time-invariant filter which is obtained adaptively, by solving a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-13 Dmitrii Ostrovskii , Zaid Harchaoui

Score-based generative models have excellent performance in terms of generation quality and likelihood. They model the data distribution by matching a parameterized score network with first-order data score functions. The score network can…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-28 Cheng Lu , Kaiwen Zheng , Fan Bao , Jianfei Chen , Chongxuan Li , Jun Zhu

Denoising diffusion models have become ubiquitous for generative modeling. The core idea is to transport the data distribution to a Gaussian by using a diffusion. Approximate samples from the data distribution are then obtained by…

Score matching is a popular method for estimating unnormalized statistical models. However, it has been so far limited to simple, shallow models or low-dimensional data, due to the difficulty of computing the Hessian of log-density…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-28 Yang Song , Sahaj Garg , Jiaxin Shi , Stefano Ermon

Recently, there has been extensive research interest in training deep networks to denoise images without clean reference. However, the representative approaches such as Noise2Noise, Noise2Void, Stein's unbiased risk estimator (SURE), etc.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-28 Kwanyoung Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Denoising diffusion models (DDMs) have emerged as a powerful class of generative models. A forward diffusion process slowly perturbs the data, while a deep model learns to gradually denoise. Synthesis amounts to solving a differential…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-12 Tim Dockhorn , Arash Vahdat , Karsten Kreis

Denoising diffusion models (DDMs) offer a flexible framework for sampling from high dimensional data distributions. DDMs generate a path of probability distributions interpolating between a reference Gaussian distribution and a data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-12 Christopher Williams , Andrew Campbell , Arnaud Doucet , Saifuddin Syed

Score-based model research in the last few years has produced state of the art generative models by employing Gaussian denoising score-matching (DSM). However, the Gaussian noise assumption has several high-dimensional limitations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Jacob Deasy , Nikola Simidjievski , Pietro Liò

The Langevin algorithm is a classic method for sampling from a given pdf in a real space. In its basic version, it only requires knowledge of the gradient of the log-density, also called the score function. However, in deep learning, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Aapo Hyvärinen

Image classification and denoising suffer from complementary issues of lack of robustness or partially ignoring conditioning information. We argue that they can be alleviated by unifying both tasks through a model of the joint probability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Louis Thiry , Florentin Guth

Most work on supervised learning research has focused on marginal predictions. In decision problems, joint predictive distributions are essential for good performance. Previous work has developed methods for assessing low-order predictive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-01 Ian Osband , Zheng Wen , Seyed Mohammad Asghari , Vikranth Dwaracherla , Xiuyuan Lu , Benjamin Van Roy
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