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Federated learning has emerged as a viable distributed solution to train machine learning models without the actual need to share data with the central aggregator. However, standard neural network-based federated learning models have been…

Federated learning reduces the risk of information leakage, but remains vulnerable to attacks. We investigate how several neural network design decisions can defend against gradients inversion attacks. We show that overlapping gradients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Shaltiel Eloul , Fran Silavong , Sanket Kamthe , Antonios Georgiadis , Sean J. Moran

Federated learning (FL) emerged as a paradigm designed to improve data privacy by enabling data to reside at its source, thus embedding privacy as a core consideration in FL architectures, whether centralized or decentralized. Contrasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Wenrui Yu , Qiongxiu Li , Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg , Mads Græsbøll Christensen , Richard Heusdens

One of the key advantages of Federated Learning (FL) is its ability to collaboratively train a Machine Learning (ML) model while keeping clients' data on-site. However, this can create a false sense of security. Despite not sharing private…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Vincenzo Carletti , Pasquale Foggia , Carlo Mazzocca , Giuseppe Parrella , Mario Vento

Federated learning (FL) refers to a distributed machine learning framework involving learning from several decentralized edge clients without sharing local dataset. This distributed strategy prevents data leakage and enables on-device…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Taki Hasan Rafi , Faiza Anan Noor , Tahmid Hussain , Dong-Kyu Chae , Zhaohui Yang

In federated learning, benign participants aim to optimize a global model collaboratively. However, the risk of \textit{privacy leakage} cannot be ignored in the presence of \textit{semi-honest} adversaries. Existing research has focused…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Xiaojin Zhang , Lixin Fan , Siwei Wang , Wenjie Li , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

Federated learning (FL) enables the training of models among distributed clients without compromising the privacy of training datasets, while the invisibility of clients datasets and the training process poses a variety of security threats.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Subhash Sagar , Chang-Sun Li , Seng W. Loke , Jinho Choi

Federated Learning has emerged as a promising approach to train machine learning models on decentralized data sources while preserving data privacy. This paper proposes a new federated approach for Naive Bayes (NB) classification, assuming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Pablo Torrijos , Juan C. Alfaro , José A. Gámez , José M. Puerta

Federated learning is a computing paradigm that enhances privacy by enabling multiple parties to collaboratively train a machine learning model without revealing personal data. However, current research indicates that traditional federated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Runhua Xu , Bo Li , Chao Li , James B. D. Joshi , Shuai Ma , Jianxin Li

Federated Bayesian learning offers a principled framework for the definition of collaborative training algorithms that are able to quantify epistemic uncertainty and to produce trustworthy decisions. Upon the completion of collaborative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Jinu Gong , Osvaldo Simeone , Joonhyuk Kang

Gradient inversion attacks are often presented as a serious privacy threat in federated learning, with recent work reporting increasingly strong reconstructions under favorable experimental settings. However, it remains unclear whether such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Viktor Valadi , Mattias Åkesson , Johan Östman , Fazeleh Hoseini , Salman Toor , Andreas Hellander

At the intersection of the cutting-edge technologies and privacy concerns, Federated Learning (FL) with its distributed architecture, stands at the forefront in a bid to facilitate collaborative model training across multiple clients while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Noorain Mukhtiar , Adnan Mahmood , Quan Z. Sheng

While federated learning (FL) promises to preserve privacy, recent works in the image and text domains have shown that training updates leak private client data. However, most high-stakes applications of FL (e.g., in healthcare and finance)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-10 Mark Vero , Mislav Balunović , Dimitar I. Dimitrov , Martin Vechev

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has revolutionised collaborative machine learning by enabling privacy-preserving model training across multiple parties. However, it remains vulnerable to information leakage during intermediate computation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Achmad Ginanjar , Xue Li , Priyanka Singh , Wen Hua

Federated learning has recently emerged as a paradigm promising the benefits of harnessing rich data from diverse sources to train high quality models, with the salient features that training datasets never leave local devices. Only model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Yifeng Zheng , Shangqi Lai , Yi Liu , Xingliang Yuan , Xun Yi , Cong Wang

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising approach for privacy-preserving model training across decentralized devices. However, it faces challenges such as statistical heterogeneity and susceptibility to adversarial attacks, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Jialuo He , Wei Chen , Xiaojin Zhang

As collaborative learning allows joint training of a model using multiple sources of data, the security problem has been a central concern. Malicious users can upload poisoned data to prevent the model's convergence or inject hidden…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Ximing Qiao , Yuhua Bai , Siping Hu , Ang Li , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

Although federated learning has increasingly gained attention in terms of effectively utilizing local devices for data privacy enhancement, recent studies show that publicly shared gradients in the training process can reveal the private…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Jieren Deng , Yijue Wang , Ji Li , Chao Shang , Hang Liu , Sanguthevar Rajasekaran , Caiwen Ding

Federated machine learning leverages edge computing to develop models from network user data, but privacy in federated learning remains a major challenge. Techniques using differential privacy have been proposed to address this, but bring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Timothy Stevens , Christian Skalka , Christelle Vincent , John Ring , Samuel Clark , Joseph Near

Federated learning holds great promise in learning from fragmented sensitive data and has revolutionized how machine learning models are trained. This article provides a systematic overview and detailed taxonomy of federated learning. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Sherin Mary Mathews , Samuel A. Assefa