Related papers: Carbon Dioxide, Fusion, and Stellarators
The most extreme starbursts occur in galaxy mergers, and it is now acknowledged that dynamical triggering has a primary importance in star formation. This triggering is due partly to the enhanced velocity dispersion provided by…
The collapse of degenerate oxygen-neon cores (i.e., electron-capture supernovae or accretion-induced collapse) proceeds through a phase in which a deflagration wave ("flame") forms at or near the center and propagates through the star. In…
Recent progress towards the non-fission ignition of thermonuclear micro-explosions raises the prospect for a revival of the nuclear bomb propulsion idea, both for the fast transport of large payloads within the solar system and the launch…
Atmospheric aerosol nucleation contributes to more than half of cloud condensation nuclei globally. The emissions, properties and concentrations of atmospheric aerosols or aerosol precursors could respond significantly to climate change.…
In order to keep a green planet, in particular its important to limiting the pollution with gas emissions. In a specific capacitated fixed-charge transportation problem with fixed capacities for distribution centers and customers with…
The electrolysis of CO$_2$ in molten carbonate has been introduced as an alternative mechanism to synthesize carbon nanomaterials inexpensively at high yield. Until recently, CO$_2$ was thought to be unreactive, making its removal a…
Compared with the deuterium tritium (DT) fusion, the environmentally clean fusion of protons with 11B is extremely difficult. When instead of nanosecond laser pulses for thermal-ablating driven ignition, picosecond pulses are used, a…
We demonstrate buffer gas cooling of carbon atoms to cryogenic temperatures. By employing pulsed two-photon excitation followed by vacuum ultraviolet fluorescence detection, we measured the arrival time distribution of the ablated carbon…
We have observed several cloud cores in the Orion B (L1630) molecular cloud in the 2-1 transitions of C18O, C17O and 13C18O. We use these data to show that a model where the cores consist of very optically thick C18O clumps cannot explain…
Design and modeling of a stellarator fusion reactor is a multidisciplinary effort that requires a tight integration between simulation of highly nonlinear multi-physics and representation of non-planar complex geometries. The critical…
Portable electronic devices are already an indispensable part of our daily life; and their increasing number and demand for higher performance is becoming a challenge for the research community. In particular, a major concern is the way to…
The problem of deflagration-to-detonation transition in an unconfined environment is revisited. With a freely expanding self-accelerating hydrogen-oxygen flame as an example, it is shown that deflagration-to-detonation transition is indeed…
Despite policymakers deploying various tools to mitigate emissions of ozone (O\textsubscript{3}) precursors, such as nitrogen oxides (NO\textsubscript{x}), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the effectiveness of…
Studies of molecular clouds and young stars near the sun have provided invaluable insights into the process of star formation. Indeed, much of our physical understanding of this topic has been derived from such studies. Perhaps the two most…
Discoveries at high-energy particle colliders have established the standard model of particle physics. Technological innovation has helped to increase the collider energy at a much faster pace than the corresponding costs. New concepts will…
Carbon, the fourth most abundant element in the Universe forms a metallic fluid with transient covalent bonds on melting. Its liquid-liquid phase transitions, intensely sought using simulations had been elusive. Here we use density…
The forwards approach to galaxy formation and evolution is extremely powerful but leaves several questions unanswered. Foremost among these is the origin of disks. A backwards approach is able to provide a more realistic treatment of star…
We present the first detailed three-dimensional hydrodynamic implicit large eddy simulations of turbulent convection for carbon burning. The simulations start with an initial radial profile mapped from a carbon burning shell within a 15…
The goal of this report is to provide actionable recommendations for paths to carbon neutrality from MITs largest group of stakeholders, students. In the report, we consider the optimization of emissions reductions, the timescale of…
Carbon capture is vital for decarbonizing heavy industries such as steel and chemicals. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with their high surface area and structural tunability, are promising materials for CO2 capture. This study focuses on…