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The Expectation Maximisation (EM) algorithm is widely used to optimise non-convex likelihood functions with latent variables. Many authors modified its simple design to fit more specific situations. For instance, the Expectation (E) step…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-03 Thomas Lartigue , Stanley Durrleman , Stéphanie Allassonnière

This study presents a semi-nonparametric Latent Class Choice Model (LCCM) with a flexible class membership component. The proposed model formulates the latent classes using mixture models as an alternative approach to the traditional random…

We present a general method for fitting finite mixture models (FMM). Learning in a mixture model consists of finding the most likely cluster assignment for each data-point, as well as finding the parameters of the clusters themselves. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-12-20 Mathias Edman , Neil Dhir

Federated recommendation (FR) facilitates collaborative training by aggregating local models from massive devices, enabling client-specific personalization while ensuring privacy. However, we empirically and theoretically demonstrate that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jundong Chen , Honglei Zhang , Chunxu Zhang , Fangyuan Luo , Yidong Li

Training deep generative models with maximum likelihood remains a challenge. The typical workaround is to use variational inference (VI) and maximize a lower bound to the log marginal likelihood of the data. Variational auto-encoders (VAEs)…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-13 Adji B. Dieng , John Paisley

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed devices to collaboratively train machine learning models while maintaining data privacy. However, the heterogeneous hardware capabilities of devices often result in significant training delays, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Letian Zhang , Bo Chen , Jieming Bian , Lei Wang , Jie Xu

The ultimate goal of any numerical scheme for partial differential equations (PDEs) is to compute an approximation of user-prescribed accuracy at quasi-minimal computational time. To this end, algorithmically, the standard adaptive finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-30 Philipp Bringmann , Michael Feischl , Ani Miraci , Dirk Praetorius , Julian Streitberger

Expectation maximisation (EM) is usually thought of as an unsupervised learning method for estimating the parameters of a mixture distribution, however it can also be used for supervised learning when class labels are available. As such, EM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-01 Graham W. Pulford

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that can coordinate heterogeneous edge devices to perform model training without sharing private data. While prior works have focused on analyzing FL convergence with respect to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Weijie Liu , Xiaoxi Zhang , Jingpu Duan , Carlee Joe-Wong , Zhi Zhou , Xu Chen

Federated learning is a paradigm of distributed machine learning in which multiple clients coordinate with a central server to learn a model, without sharing their own training data. Standard federated optimization methods such as Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Sohom Mukherjee , Nicolas Loizou , Sebastian U. Stich

As a prevalent distributed learning paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) trains a global model on a massive amount of devices with infrequent communication. This paper investigates a class of composite optimization and statistical recovery…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Yajie Bao , Michael Crawshaw , Shan Luo , Mingrui Liu

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed devices while preserving data privacy. Nonetheless, the heterogeneity of edge devices often leads to inconsistent performance of the globally trained models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Lin Wang , Zhichao Wang , Ye Shi , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Xiaoying Tang

Theoretically exploring the advantages of neural networks might be one of the most challenging problems in the AI era. An adaptive feature program has recently been proposed to analyze feature learning, the characteristic property of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yicheng Li , Qian Lin

Federated learning enables distributed clients to collaborate on training while storing their data locally to protect client privacy. However, due to the heterogeneity of data, models, and devices, the final global model may need to perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Wolong Xing , Zhenkui Shi , Hongyan Peng , Xiantao Hu , Xianxian Li

This work introduces the Supervised Expectation-Maximization Framework (SEMF), a versatile and model-agnostic approach for generating prediction intervals with any ML model. SEMF extends the Expectation-Maximization algorithm, traditionally…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-30 Ilia Azizi , Marc-Olivier Boldi , Valérie Chavez-Demoulin

In federated learning, communication cost is often a critical bottleneck to scale up distributed optimization algorithms to collaboratively learn a model from millions of devices with potentially unreliable or limited communication and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Farzin Haddadpour , Mohammad Mahdi Kamani , Aryan Mokhtari , Mehrdad Mahdavi

Federated learning (FL) is a promising paradigm to enable privacy-preserving deep learning from distributed data. Most previous works are based on federated average (FedAvg), which, however, faces several critical issues, including a high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Lumin Liu , Jun Zhang , S. H. Song , Khaled B. Letaief

Motivated by the drawbacks of cloud-based federated learning (FL), cooperative federated edge learning (CFEL) has been proposed to improve efficiency for FL over mobile edge networks, where multiple edge servers collaboratively coordinate…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Zhenxiao Zhang , Zhidong Gao , Yuanxiong Guo , Yanmin Gong

The aggregated unfitted finite element method (AgFEM) is a methodology recently introduced in order to address conditioning and stability problems associated with embedded, unfitted, or extended finite element methods. The method is based…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Francesc Verdugo , Alberto F. Martín , Santiago Badia

Training and deploying machine learning models that meet fairness criteria for protected groups are fundamental in modern artificial intelligence. While numerous constraints and regularization terms have been proposed in the literature to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Sina Baharlouei , Shivam Patel , Meisam Razaviyayn