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Smartwatch is a potential candidate for the Internet of Things (IoT) hub. However, the performance of smartwatch antennas is severely restricted by the smartwatch structure, especially when the antennas are designed by traditional methods.…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-05-25 Bing Xiao , Hang Wong , Di Wu , Kwan L. Yeung

The localization problem in a wireless sensor network is to determine the coordination of sensor nodes using the known positions of some nodes (called anchors) and corresponding noisy distance measurements. There is a variety of different…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-09-19 Pouya Mollaebrahim Ghari , Reza Shahbazian , Seyed Ali Ghorashi

With the increasingly new ultra wide-band applications, antenna researchers face huge challenges in designing novel operational geometries. Mono-pole and quasi-mono-pole antennas are seen to be the most compact and easily incorporate able…

Optics · Physics 2016-11-17 Ahmed Toaha Mobashsher , Amin Abbosh

Reconfigurable antennas, including reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), movable antenna (MA), fluid antenna (FA), and other advanced antenna techniques, have been studied extensively in the context of reshaping wireless propagation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-04 Peilan Wang , Jun Fang , Xianlong Zeng , Bin Wang , Zhi Chen , Yonina C. Eldar

Dynamic metasurface antennas (DMA) provide low-power beamforming through reconfigurable radiative slots. Each slot has a tunable component that consumes low power compared to typical analog components like phase shifters. This makes DMAs a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-10 Joseph M. Carlson , Nitish V. Deshpande , Miguel Rodrigo Castellanos , Robert W. Heath

Extremely large-scale antenna arrays, tremendously high frequencies, and new types of antennas are three clear trends in multi-antenna technology for supporting the sixth-generation (6G) networks. To properly account for the new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Yuanwei Liu , Zhaolin Wang , Jiaqi Xu , Chongjun Ouyang , Xidong Mu , Robert Schober

Movable antenna (MA) systems have attracted growing interest in wireless communications due to their ability to reshape wireless channels via local antenna movement within a confined region. However, optimizing antenna positions to enhance…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-26 Changhao Liu , Weidong Mei , Zhi Chen , Jun Fang , Boyu Ning

The optimal scheduling of interfering links in a dense wireless network with full frequency reuse is a challenging task. The traditional method involves first estimating all the interfering channel strengths then optimizing the scheduling…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-05 Wei Cui , Kaiming Shen , Wei Yu

In this paper, we propose a novel antenna architecture called movable antenna (MA) to improve the performance of wireless communication systems. Different from conventional fixed-position antennas (FPAs) that undergo random wireless channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Lipeng Zhu , Wenyan Ma , Rui Zhang

The advent of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology has provided new opportunities for capacity improvement via strategic antenna deployment, especially when the near-field effect is pronounced due to antenna…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Shicong Liu , Xianghao Yu , Jie Xu , Rui Zhang

The enabling of wireless body area networks (WBANs) coexistence by radio interference mitigation is very important due to a rapid growth in potential users, and a lack of a central coordinator among WBANs that are closely located. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-31 Yizhou Yang , David Smith

Movable antenna (MA) technology is a recent development that fully exploits the wireless channel spatial variation in a confined region by enabling local movement of the antenna. Specifically, the positions of antennas at the transmitter…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Lipeng Zhu , Wenyan Ma , Rui Zhang

Spatial modulation (SM) is an innovative and promising digital modulation technology that strikes an appealing trade-off between spectral efficiency and energy efficiency with a simple design philosophy. SM enjoys plenty of benefits and…

Reconfigurable antennas (RAs) utilize the electromagnetic (EM) domain to provide dynamic control over antenna radiation patterns, which offers an effective way to enhance power efficiency in wireless links. Unlike conventional arrays with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Alireza Fadakar , Yuchen Zhang , Hui Chen , Musa Furkan Keskin , Henk Wymeersch , Andreas F. Molisch

Fluid antenna system (FAS)/movable antenna (MA) has emerged as a promising technology to fully exploit the spatial degrees of freedom (DoFs). In this paper, we propose a new rotatable antenna (RA) model, as a simplified implementation of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Qingjie Wu , Beixiong Zheng , Tiantian Ma , Rui Zhang

Switch-based hybrid beamforming (SW-HBF) architectures are promising for realizing massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications systems because of their low cost and low power consumption. In this paper, we study the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Mengyuan Ma , Nhan Thanh Nguyen , Markku Juntti

Beam squint, the frequency-dependent shift of the main beam, poses a major challenge for wideband antenna arrays. This paper focuses on the beam squint effects in super wideband (SW) systems, where high mutual coupling (MC) effects are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Sachitha C. Bandara , Peter J. Smith , Erfan Khordad , Pawel Dmochowski , Robin Evans , Rajitha Senanayake

In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols developed for Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). In WBANs, small batteryoperated on-body or implanted biomedical sensor nodes are used to monitor…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-15 A. Rahim , N. Javaid , M. Aslam , Z. Rahman , U. Qasim , Z. A. Khan

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) communication systems adopt large antenna arrays to ensure adequate receive signal power. However, adjusting the narrow beams of these antenna arrays typically incurs high beam training overhead…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Shoaib Imran , Gouranga Charan , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Spherical loudspeaker arrays have been recently studied for directional sound radiation, where the compact arrangement of the loudspeaker units around a sphere facilitated the control of sound radiation in three-dimensional space.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-09 Boaz Rafaely , Dima Khaykin