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Until now, Computer Scientists have concerned themselves with identifying efficient algorithms for solving the general case of some problem -- that is finding one which performs well when the size of the input tends to infinity. In this…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mircea-Adrian Digulescu

In the maximum constraint satisfaction problem (Max CSP), one is given a finite collection of (possibly weighted) constraints on overlapping sets of variables, and the goal is to assign values from a given domain to the variables so as to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter Jonsson , Mikael Klasson , Andrei Krokhin

The purpose of this article is to examine and limit the conditions in which the P complexity class could be equivalent to the NP complexity class. Proof is provided by demonstrating that as the number of clauses in a NP-complete problem…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-09-07 Jerrald Meek

The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a core NP-hard problem in the field of combinatorial optimization. It aims to plan optimal routes for a fleet of vehicles with uniform capacity, serving a set of customers with specific…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yongyu Chen

Reinforcement learning (RL) problems are fundamental in online decision-making and have been instrumental in finding an optimal policy for Markov decision processes (MDPs). Function approximations are usually deployed to handle large or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jiashuo Jiang , Yiming Zong , Yinyu Ye

We examine the complexity of computing welfare- and revenue-maximizing equilibria in autobidding second-price auctions subject to return-on-spend (RoS) constraints. We show that computing an autobidding equilibrium that approximates the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ioannis Anagnostides , Ian Gemp , Georgios Piliouras , Kelly Spendlove

We study the $\ell_0$-Low Rank Approximation Problem, where the goal is, given an $m \times n$ matrix $A$, to output a rank-$k$ matrix $A'$ for which $\|A'-A\|_0$ is minimized. Here, for a matrix $B$, $\|B\|_0$ denotes the number of its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Karl Bringmann , Pavel Kolev , David P. Woodruff

In a widely-studied class of multi-parametric optimization problems, the objective value of each solution is an affine function of real-valued parameters. Then, the goal is to provide an optimal solution set, i.e., a set containing an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Stephan Helfrich , Arne Herzel , Stefan Ruzika , Clemens Thielen

Hypothesis Selection is a fundamental distribution learning problem where given a comparator-class $Q=\{q_1,\ldots, q_n\}$ of distributions, and a sampling access to an unknown target distribution $p$, the goal is to output a distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Olivier Bousquet , Mark Braverman , Klim Efremenko , Gillat Kol , Shay Moran

We consider an optimization problem posed by an actual newspaper company, which consists of computing a minimum length route for a delivery truck, such that the driver only stops at street crossings, each time delivering copies to all…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Diego Delle Donne , Guido Tagliavini

This application for learning APPROXIMATION ALGORITHM has been designed in Java which will make user comfortable in learning the very complex subject "NP-Completeness" and the solution to NP-Complete problem using approximation algorithm.

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-01-13 Chiranjeev Kumar

This chapter delves into the realm of computational complexity, exploring the world of challenging combinatorial problems and their ties with statistical physics. Our exploration starts by delving deep into the foundations of combinatorial…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-10-04 Raffaele Marino

Proximal Policy Optimization with Adaptive Exploration (axPPO) is introduced as a novel learning algorithm. This paper investigates the exploration-exploitation tradeoff within the context of reinforcement learning and aims to contribute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Andrei Lixandru

Motivated by applications in production planning and storage allocation in hierarchical databases, we initiate the study of covering partially ordered items (CPO). Given a capacity $k \in \mathbb{Z}^+$, and a directed graph $G=(V,E)$ where…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Ilan Doron-Arad , Guy Kortsarz , Joseph Naor , Baruch Schieber , Hadas Shachnai

In this paper, we study a class of stochastic optimization problems, referred to as the \emph{Conditional Stochastic Optimization} (CSO), in the form of $\min_{x \in \mathcal{X}} \EE_{\xi}f_\xi\Big({\EE_{\eta|\xi}[g_\eta(x,\xi)]}\Big)$,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Yifan Hu , Xin Chen , Niao He

One-stage object detectors are trained by optimizing classification-loss and localization-loss simultaneously, with the former suffering much from extreme foreground-background class imbalance issue due to the large number of anchors. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Kean Chen , Weiyao Lin , Jianguo Li , John See , Ji Wang , Junni Zou

The growing amount of applications that generate vast amount of data in short time scales render the problem of partial monitoring, coupled with prediction, a rather fundamental one. We study the aforementioned canonical problem under the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-02 Michalis Kallitsis , Stilian Stoev , George Michailidis

We consider a framework for the construction of iterative schemes for operator equations that combine low-rank approximation in tensor formats and adaptive approximation in a basis. Under fairly general assumptions, we obtain a rigorous…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-03-17 Markus Bachmayr , Wolfgang Dahmen

We propose a framework for online meta-optimization of parameters that govern optimization, called Amortized Proximal Optimization (APO). We first interpret various existing neural network optimizers as approximate stochastic proximal point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Juhan Bae , Paul Vicol , Jeff Z. HaoChen , Roger Grosse

We study a new class of NP search problems, those which can be proved total using standard combinatorial reasoning based on approximate counting. Our model for this kind of reasoning is the bounded arithmetic theory $\mathrm{APC}_2$ of…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-11-29 Leszek Aleksander Kołodziejczyk , Neil Thapen