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In this note, we address several issues, including some raised in recent works and commentary, related to bending measures and energies for plates and shells, and certain of their invariance properties. We discuss overlaps and distinctions…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-03 J. A. Hanna , E. Vitral

We derive stretching and bending energies for isotropic elastic plates and shells. Through the dimensional reduction of a bulk elastic energy quadratic in Biot strains, we obtain two-dimensional bending energies quadratic in bending…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-03 E. Vitral , J. A. Hanna

The choice of elastic energies for thin plates and shells is an unsettled issue with consequences for much recent modeling of soft matter. Through consideration of simple deformations of a thin body in the plane, we demonstrate that four…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-06-04 H. G. Wood , J. A. Hanna

Energies and equilibrium equations for thin elastic plates are discussed, with emphasis on several issues pertinent to recent approaches in soft condensed matter. Consequences of choice of basis, choice of invariant strain measures, and of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-06-04 J. A. Hanna

Experimentally measuring the elastic properties of thin biological surfaces is non-trivial, particularly when they are curved. One technique that may be used is the indentation of a thin sheet of material by a rigid indenter, whilst…

Shells are ubiquitous thin structures that can undergo large nonlinear elastic deformations while exhibiting combined modes of bending and stretching, and have profound modern applications. In this paper, we have proposed a new Isogeometric…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-06-22 Nikhil Padhye , Subodh Kalia

Using a geometrically motivated 8-parameter ansatz through the thickness, we reduce a three-dimensional shell-like geometrically nonlinear Cosserat material to a fully two-dimensional shell model. Curvature effects are fully taken into…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-09-30 Mircea Birsan , Ionel-Dumitrel Ghiba , Robert J. Martin , Patrizio Neff

Three general modes are distinguished in the deformation of a thin shell; these are stretching, drilling, and bending. Of these, the drilling mode is the one more likely to emerge in a soft matter shell (as compared to a hard, structural…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-29 Andre M. Sonnet , Epifanio G. Virga

A rectangular plate of dielectric elastomer exhibiting gradients of material properties through its thickness will deform inhomogeneously when a potential difference is applied to compliant electrodes on its major surfaces, because each…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-12-08 Yipin Su , Ray W. Ogden , Michel Destrade

This paper presents a general, nonlinear isogeometric finite element formulation for rotation-free shells with embedded fibers that captures anisotropy in stretching, shearing, twisting and bending -- both in-plane and out-of-plane. These…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Thang Xuan Duong , Mikhail Itskov , Roger Andrew Sauer

The purpose of this paper is to present a new mathematical model for the deformation of thin Cosserat elastic plates. Our approach, which is based on a generalization of the classical Reissner plate theory, takes into account the transverse…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-02-18 Lev Steinberg

The balance between stretching and bending deformations characterizes shape transitions of thin elastic sheets. While stretching dominates the mechanical response in tension, bending dominates in compression after an abrupt buckling…

Biological Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Pierre Recho , Jonathan Fouchard , Tom Wyatt , N. Khalilgharibi , Guillaume Charras , Alexandre Kabla

In the context of finite elasticity, we propose plate models describing the spontaneous bending of nematic elastomer thin films due to variations along the thickness of the nematic order parameters. Reduced energy functionals are deduced…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-02-03 Virginia Agostiniani , Antonio DeSimone

This paper, originally motivated by a question raised by Wood and Hanna [Soft Matter, 15, 2411 (2019)], shows that pure measures of bending for soft plates can be defined by introducing the class of bending-neutral deformations, finite…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-12-07 Epifanio G. Virga

We derive a class of two-dimensional shell energies for thin elastic bodies exhibiting small-length scale effects modeled via strain-gradient elasticity. Building on the final author's earlier work on plate models, the kinetic and stored…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 C. Balitactac , Y. Canzani , R. S. Hallyburton , J. Mott , C. Rodriguez

In this paper, we derive a dynamic surface elasticity model for the two-dimensional midsurface of a thin, three-dimensional, homogeneous, isotropic, nonlinear gradient elastic plate of thickness $h$. The resulting model is parameterized by…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-03-27 C. Rodriguez

It has become commonplace for the stored energy function of any realistic shell model to align ``within first order" with the classical Koiter membrane-bending (flexural) shell model. In this paper, we assess whether certain extended…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-12-20 Ionel-Dumitrel Ghiba , Peter Lewintan , Adam Sky , Patrizio Neff

We investigate the finite bending and the associated bending instability of an incompressible dielectric slab subject to a combination of applied voltage and axial compression, using nonlinear electro-elasticity theory and its incremental…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-10-04 Yipin Su , Bin Wu , Weiqiu Chen , Michel Destrade

A shape sensitive, variational approach for the matching of surfaces considered as thin elastic shells is investigated. The elasticity functional to be minimized takes into account two different types of nonlinear energies: a membrane…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-09 José A. Iglesias , Martin Rumpf , Otmar Scherzer

The buckling instabilities of core-shell systems, comprising an interior elastic sphere, attached to an exterior shell, have been proposed to underlie myriad biological morphologies. To fully discuss such systems, however, it is important…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-12 Yingzhen Tian , Megan McCarthy , Megan King , S. G. J. Mochrie
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