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Obtaining the free energies of condensed phase chemical reactions remains computationally prohibitive for high-level quantum mechanical methods. We introduce a hierarchical machine learning framework that bridges this gap by distilling…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2026-03-19 Chenghan Li , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

Efficient sampling of the Boltzmann distribution of molecular systems is a long-standing challenge. Recently, instead of generating long molecular dynamics simulations, generative machine learning methods such as normalizing flows have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Henrik Schopmans , Pascal Friederich

We present a Monte Carlo simulation technique by which the free energy of disordered systems can be computed directly. It is based on thermodynamic integration. The central idea is to construct an analytically solvable reference system from…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 Tanja Schilling , Friederike Schmid

Flows are exact-likelihood generative neural networks that transform samples from a simple prior distribution to the samples of the probability distribution of interest. Boltzmann Generators (BG) combine flows and statistical mechanics to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-03 Jonas Köhler , Leon Klein , Frank Noé

Machine-learned normalizing flows can be used in the context of lattice quantum field theory to generate statistically correlated ensembles of lattice gauge fields at different action parameters. This work demonstrates how these…

Using molecular simulation, we determine Ginzburg-Landau free energy functions for molecular fluids. To this aim, we extend the Expanded Wang-Landau method to calculate the partition functions, number distributions and Landau free energies…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-19 Caroline Desgranges , Jerome Delhommelle

The determination of the solvation free energy of ions and molecules holds profound importance across a spectrum of applications spanning chemistry, biology, energy storage, and the environment. Molecular dynamics simulations are a powerful…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 Zhou Yu , Enrique R. Batista , Ping Yang , Danny Perez

We derive flow equations for cold atomic gases with one macroscopically populated energy level. The generator is chosen such that the ground state decouples from all other states in the system as the renormalization group flow progresses.…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2018-01-04 A. G. Volosniev , H. -W. Hammer

We present a lattice Boltzmann algorithm based on an underlying free energy that allows the simulation of the dynamics of a multicomponent system with an arbitrary number of components. The thermodynamic properties, such as the chemical…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Qun Li , A. J. Wagner

Normalizing flows are a class of deep generative models that provide a promising route to sample lattice field theories more efficiently than conventional Monte Carlo simulations. In this work we show that the theoretical framework of…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-07-07 Michele Caselle , Elia Cellini , Alessandro Nada , Marco Panero

A novel thermodynamic integration (TI) scheme is presented that allows computing the free energy of grain boundaries (GBs) in crystals from atomistic computer simulation. Unlike previous approaches, the method can be applied at arbitrary…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-12 Saswati Ganguly , Jürgen Horbach

Normalizing Flows are generative models that directly maximize the likelihood. Previously, the design of normalizing flows was largely constrained by the need for analytical invertibility. We overcome this constraint by a training procedure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Felix Draxler , Peter Sorrenson , Lea Zimmermann , Armand Rousselot , Ullrich Köthe

A restricted Boltzmann machine is a generative probabilistic graphic network. A probability of finding the network in a certain configuration is given by the Boltzmann distribution. Given training data, its learning is done by optimizing…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-05-28 Sangchul Oh , Abdelkader Baggag , Hyunchul Nha

We investigate to what extent one can use a thermodynamic description of turbulent flow as a source of stochastic kinetic energy for three-dimensional self-assembly of magnetically interacting macroscopic particles. We confirm that the…

Generative models based on invertible transformations provide a physics-aware route to sample equilibrium configurations directly from the Boltzmann distribution, enabling efficient exploration of complex thermodynamic landscapes. Here, we…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-06 Luigi de Santis , John Russo , Andrea Ninarello

Free energy calculations are widely used tools in computational chemistry, but their dependence on the assignment of partial charges during force field parametrization reduces their accuracy and reproducibility. In this work, we highlight…

Free energy sampling methods allow studying the full dynamics of activated processes. Unfortunately, the affordable accuracy of the potential describing the energy and forces of the system is usually rather low. Here we introduce a new…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-04-04 GiovanniMaria Piccini , Michele Parrinello

Systems with many interacting stochastic constituents are fully characterized by their free energy. Computing this quantity is therefore the objective of various approaches, notably perturbative expansions, which are applied in problems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-08 Tobias Kühn

We simulate the homogeneous nucleation of ice from supercooled liquid water at 220 K in the isobaric-isothermal ensemble using the MW monatomic water potential. Monte Carlo simulations using umbrella sampling are performed in order to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-02-02 Aleks Reinhardt , Jonathan P. K. Doye

In this work, we study by means of simulations of hard spheres the equilibrium between a spherical solid cluster and the fluid. In the NVT ensemble we observe stable/metastable clusters of the solid phase in equilibrium with the fluid,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-01-25 P. Montero de Hijes , Jorge. R. Espinosa , Valentino Bianco , Eduardo Sanz , Carlos Vega