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The inflated radii of giant short-period extrasolar planets collectively indicate that the interiors of hot Jupiters are heated by some anomalous energy dissipation mechanism. Although a variety of physical processes have been proposed to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-11 Henrik Knierim , Konstantin Batygin , Bertram Bitsch

Hot Jupiters are new laboratories for the physics of giant planet atmospheres. Subject to unusual forcing conditions, the circulation regime on these planets may be unlike anything known in the Solar System. Characterizing the atmospheric…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-10-17 Adam P. Showman , Kristen Menou , James Y-K. Cho

We present the results of the Infrared Space Observatory Short Wavelength Spectrometer (ISO-SWS) observations of Jupiter related to ammonia. We focus on two spectral regions; the first one (the 10-micron region), probes atmospheric levels…

Turbulence is ubiquitous in Solar System planetary atmospheres. In hot Jupiter atmospheres, the combination of moderately slow rotation and thick pressure scale height may result in dynamical weather structures with unusually large,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Emily Rauscher , Kristen Menou , James Y-K. Cho , Sara Seager , Brad Hansen

Interior models of giant planets traditionally assume that at a given radius (i.e. pressure) the density should be larger than or equal to the one corresponding to a homogeneous, adiabatic stratification throughout the planet (referred to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-09 F. Debras , G. Chabrier , D. Stevenson

We explain the emergence and robustness of intense jets in highly turbulent planetary atmospheres, like on Jupiter, by a general approach of statistical mechanics of potential vorticity patches. The idea is that potential vorticity mixing…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Bouchet , J. Sommeria

Magnetic fields are expected to impact the atmospheric dynamics of hot and ultra-hot Jupiters due to their increased ionization fractions, compared to that of cooler exoplanets, but our ability to model these magnetic processes is limited…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 Duncan A. Christie , Tom M. Evans-Soma , Nathan J. Mayne , Krisztian Kohary

Hot Jupiter atmospheres exhibit fast, weakly-ionized winds. The interaction of these winds with the planetary magnetic field generates drag on the winds and leads to ohmic dissipation of the induced electric currents. We study the magnitude…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Rosalba Perna , Kristen Menou , Emily Rauscher

Convection in rotating spherical geometries is an important physical process in planetary and stellar systems. Using continuation methods at low Prandtl number, we find both strong equatorially asymmetric and symmetric polar nonlinear…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-17 F. Garcia , F. R. N. Chambers , A. L. Watts

The inflated radii observed in hundreds of hot Jupiters (HJ) represent a long-standing open issue. In this study, we quantitatively investigate this phenomenon within the framework of Ohmic dissipation arising from magnetic induction in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-27 Daniele Viganò , Soumya Sengupta , Clàudia Soriano-Guerrero , Rosalba Perna , Albert Elias-López , Sandeep Kumar , Taner Akgün

Ground-based and spacecraft telescopic observations, combined with an intensive modeling effort, have greatly enhanced our understanding of hot giant planets and brown dwarfs over the past ten years. Although these objects are all fluid,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-09 Adam P. Showman , Xianyu Tan , Vivien Parmentier

This article provides an overview of how models of giant planet interiors are constructed. We review measurements from past space missions that provide constraints for the interior structure of Jupiter. We discuss typical three-layer…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-19 Burkhard Militzer , Francois Soubiran , Sean M. Wahl , William Hubbard

In anticipation of improved observational data for Jupiter's gravitational field from the Juno spacecraft, we predict the static tidal response for a variety of Jupiter interior models based on ab initio computer simulations of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-29 Sean M. Wahl , Willam B. Hubbard , Burkhard Militzer

Context. The Juno spacecraft has obtained highly accurate tidal Love numbers, which provide important constraints on the tidal response and interior structure of Jupiter. Aims. In order to exploit these observations, it is necessary to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-08 Yufeng Lin

Many hot and ultra-hot Jupiters have inflated radii, implying that their interiors retain significant entropy from formation. These hot interiors lead to an enhanced internal heat flux that impinges upon the atmosphere from below. In this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-29 Thaddeus D. Komacek , Peter Gao , Daniel P. Thorngren , Erin M. May , Xianyu Tan

The work presented here focuses on the role of zonal flows in the self-sustenance of gravito-turbulence in accretion discs. The numerical analysis is conducted using a bespoke pseudo-spectral code in fully compressible, non-linear…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-01 Riccardo Vanon

The exoplanet GJ1214b presents an interesting example of compositional degeneracy for low-mass planets. Its atmosphere may be composed of water, super-solar or solar metallicity material. We present atmospheric circulation models of GJ1214b…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Kristen Menou

We study global inertial-modes with the purpose of unraveling the role they play in the tidal dissipation process of Jupiter. For spheres of uniformly rotating, neutrally buoyant fluid, we show that the partial differential equation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yanqin Wu

We present the first estimation of the energy cascade rate in Jupiter's magnetosheath (MS). We use in-situ observations from the Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE) and the magnetometer investigation (MAG) instruments onboard the…

We explain the emergence and stability of the most important jets and vortices, in the highly turbulent Jupiter's atmosphere, by a statistical mechanics of the potential vorticity mixing. Using the Quasi-Geostrophic 1-1/2 layer, with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Freddy Bouchet , Thierry Dumont