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The notion of expansivity and its generalizations (measure expansive, measure positively expansive, continuum-wise expansive, countably-expansive) are well known for deterministic systems and can be a useful property for studying…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-10-15 Rafael A. Bilbao , Marlon Oliveira , Eduardo Santana

The analysis of rank ordered data has a long history in the statistical literature across a diverse range of applications. In this paper we consider the Extended Plackett-Luce model that induces a flexible (discrete) distribution over…

Applications · Statistics 2020-02-17 Stephen R. Johnson , Daniel A. Henderson , Richard J. Boys

A framework to boost the efficiency of Bayesian inference in probabilistic programs is introduced by embedding a sampler inside a variational posterior approximation. We call it the refined variational approximation. Its strength lies both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-25 Victor Gallego , David Rios Insua

Nested error regression models are useful tools for analysis of grouped data, especially in the case of small area estimation. This paper suggests a nested error regression model using uncertain random effects in which the random effect in…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-02-28 Shonosuke Sugasawa , Tatsuya Kubokawa

Abstract argumentation offers an appealing way of representing and evaluating arguments and counterarguments. This approach can be enhanced by a probability assignment to each argument. There are various interpretations that can be ascribed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-15 Anthony Hunter , Matthias Thimm

Background: Confirmation bias is the tendency to acquire or evaluate new information in a way that is consistent with one's preexisting beliefs. It is omnipresent in psychology, economics, and even scientific practices. Prior theoretical…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-11-18 A. E. Allahverdyan , Aram Galstyan

Economists are often interested in estimating averages with respect to distributions of unobservables, such as moments of individual fixed-effects, or average partial effects in discrete choice models. For such quantities, we propose and…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-09-07 Stéphane Bonhomme , Martin Weidner

The proposed approach extends the confidence posterior distribution to the semi-parametric empirical Bayes setting. Whereas the Bayesian posterior is defined in terms of a prior distribution conditional on the observed data, the confidence…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-05-02 David R. Bickel

We study the problem of data integration from sources that contain probabilistic uncertain information. Data is modeled by possible-worlds with probability distribution, compactly represented in the probabilistic relation model. Integration…

Databases · Computer Science 2016-07-20 Fereidoon Sadri , Gayatri Tallur

A central challenge in statistical inference is the presence of confounding variables that may distort observed associations between treatment and outcome. Conventional "causal" methods, grounded in assumptions such as ignorability, exclude…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-09 Ellis Scharfenaker , Duncan K. Foley

Randomness in scientific estimation is generally assumed to arise from unmeasured or uncontrolled factors. However, when combining subjective probability estimates, heterogeneity stemming from people's cognitive or information diversity is…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-05-28 Ville Satopää , Robin Pemantle , Lyle Ungar

Bayesian inference gets its name from *Bayes's theorem*, expressing posterior probabilities for hypotheses about a data generating process as the (normalized) product of prior probabilities and a likelihood function. But Bayesian inference…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-02 Thomas J. Loredo , Robert L. Wolpert

It is well-known that a quantum measurement can enhance the transition probability between two quantum states. Such a measurement operates after preparation of the initial state and before postselecting for the final state. Here we analyze…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-20 Tobias Fritz

This article expands the framework of Bayesian inference and provides direct probabilistic methods for approaching inference tasks that are typically handled with information theory. We treat Bayesian probability updating as a random…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-11-20 Kevin Vanslette

We suggest an extension of the standard concept of statistical ensembles. Namely, we introduce a class of ensembles with extensive quantities fluctuating according to an externally given distribution. As an example the influence of energy…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 M. I. Gorenstein , M. Hauer

This EM review article focuses on parameter expansion, a simple technique introduced in the PX-EM algorithm to make EM converge faster while maintaining its simplicity and stability. The primary objective concerns the connection between…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-04-14 Andrew Lewandowski , Chuanhai Liu , Scott Vander Wiel

In this paper we introduce a class of mathematical objects called \emph{extensors} and develop some aspects of their theory with considerable detail. We give special names to several particular but important cases of extensors. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 Virginia V. Fernández , Antonio M. Moya , Waldyr A. Rodrigues

We extend Fano's inequality, which controls the average probability of events in terms of the average of some $f$--divergences, to work with arbitrary events (not necessarily forming a partition) and even with arbitrary $[0,1]$--valued…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-12 Sebastien Gerchinovitz , Pierre Ménard , Gilles Stoltz

In this paper we provide a probabilistic representation of Lagrange's identity which we use to obtain Papathanasiou-type variance expansions of arbitrary order. Our expansions lead to generalized sequences of weights which depend on an…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-21 Marie Ernst , Gesine Reinert , Yvik Swan

The present paper considers modified extension of the exponential distribution with three parameters. We study the main properties of this new distribution, with special emphasis on its median, mode and moments function and some…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2015-10-28 M. A. El-Damcese , Dina. A. Ramadan