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It is known that the semiclassical approximation to the gravity path integral can be leveraged to explain certain inherently quantum aspects of gravity. One such aspect is the state-counting interpretation of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-15 Juan Hernandez , Mikhail Khramtsov

Since Stephen Hawking's original 1975 paper on black hole evaporation, there has been a consensus that the problem of "loss of information" is both deep and troubling. It is also thought that resolution of the problem may hold some…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2017-05-11 Tim Maudlin

One-shot decoupling is a powerful primitive in quantum information theory and was hypothesized to play a role in the black hole information paradox. We study black hole dynamics modeled by a trilinear Hamiltonian whose semiclassical limit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Kamil Brádler , Christoph Adami

The black-hole information paradox has fueled a fascinating effort to reconcile the predictions of general relativity and those of quantum mechanics. Gravitational considerations teach us that black holes must trap everything that falls…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-07-07 Samuel L. Braunstein , Hans-Jürgen Sommers , Karol Życzkowski

The conservation of information of evaporating black holes is a very natural consequence of unitarity which is the fundamental symmetry of quantum mechanics. In order to study the conservation of information, we need to understand the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-02 Jeong-Myeong Bae , Dong Jin Lee , Dong-han Yeom , Heeseung Zoe

We generally consider that entropy and temperature of a spherically symmetric black hole are corrected by quantum effect. We calculate interior entropy variation of massless scalar field and compare it with corrected Bekenstein-Hawking…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-10 Ming Zhang

Almost all of the entropy in the universe is in the form of Bekenstein--Hawking (BH) entropy of super-massive black holes. This entropy, if it satisfies Boltzmann's equation $S=\log{\cal N}$, hence represents almost all the accessible phase…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-18 Erik Aurell , Michał Eckstein , Paweł Horodecki

The evaporation of black holes into apparently thermal radiation poses a serious conundrum for theoretical physics: at face value, it appears that in the presence of a black hole quantum evolution is non-unitary and destroys information.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-11 Vijay Balasubramanian , Bartlomiej Czech

Since the discovery of Hawking radiation, its consistency with quantum theory has been widely questioned. In the widely described picture, irrespective of what initial state a black hole starts with before collapsing, it eventually evolves…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-03-31 Baocheng Zhang , Qingyu Cai , Mingsheng Zhan , Li You

The black hole information loss paradox has plagued physicists since Hawking's discovery that black holes evaporate thermally in contradiction to the unitarity expected by quantum mechanics. Here we show that one of the central presumptions…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-11 John Smolin , Jonathan Oppenheim

Analogue gravity can be used to reproduce the phenomenology of quantum field theory in curved spacetime and in particular phenomena such as cosmological particle creation and Hawking radiation. In black hole physics, taking into account the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-23 Stefano Liberati , Giovanni Tricella , Andrea Trombettoni

The black hole information paradox and the black hole entropy are currently extensively researched. The consensus about the solution of the information paradox is not yet reached, and it is not yet clear what can we learn about quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-29 Ovidiu Cristinel Stoica

In this work, we develop an algebraic description of the Page transition, a key feature in black hole evaporation where the entropy of Hawking radiation follows a unitary Page curve instead of monotonically increasing. By applying concepts…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-19 Haocheng Zhong

We revisit in detail the paradox of black hole information loss due to Hawking radiation as tunneling. We compute the amount of information encoded in correlations among Hawking radiations for a variety of black holes, including the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-02-01 Baocheng Zhang , Qing-yu Cai , Ming-sheng Zhan , Li You

The black hole information paradox has been hotly debated for the last few decades, without full resolution. This makes it desirable to find analogs of this paradox in simple and experimentally accessible systems, whose resolutions may shed…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-28 Ken K. W. Ma , Kun Yang

The origin of black hole entropy and the black hole information problem provide important clues for trying to piece together a quantum theory of gravity. Thus far, discussions on this topic have mostly assumed that in a consistent theory of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-10-02 Markus P. Mueller , Jonathan Oppenheim , Oscar C. O. Dahlsten

In this paper, we review some methods that tried to solve the information loss problem. In particular, we revisit the solution based on Hawking radiation as tunneling, and provide a detailed statistical interpretation on the black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-17 Baocheng Zhang , Christian Corda , Qing-yu Cai

The effective field theory description of a radiating black hole introduces redundant degrees of freedom that necessitate annihilation of those modes at late stages to conserve entropy. The prevailing view is that such effective process can…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-12-29 Ran Li , Xuanhua Wang , Kun Zhang , Jin Wang

Hawking's discovery that black holes can evaporate through radiation emission has posed a number of questions that with time became fundamental hallmarks for a quantum theory of gravity. The most famous one is likely the information…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-17 Filiberto Ares , Sara Murciano , Lorenzo Piroli , Pasquale Calabrese

Hawking's seminal discovery of black hole evaporation was based on the semi-classical, perturbative method. Whether black hole evaporation may result in the loss of information remains undetermined. The solution to this paradox would most…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-30 Pisin Chen , Misao Sasaki , Dong-han Yeom