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This paper proposes a state estimator for legged robots operating in slippery environments. An Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (InEKF) is implemented to fuse inertial and velocity measurements from a tracking camera and leg kinematic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Sangli Teng , Mark Wilfried Mueller , Koushil Sreenath

In this paper, we present a novel factor graph formulation to estimate the pose and velocity of a quadruped robot on slippery and deformable terrain. The factor graph introduces a preintegrated velocity factor that incorporates velocity…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-22 David Wisth , Marco Camurri , Maurice Fallon

Navigating in off-road environments for wheeled mobile robots is challenging due to dynamic and rugged terrain. Traditional physics-based stability metrics, such as Static Stability Margin (SSM) or Zero Moment Point (ZMP) require knowledge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Nathaniel Rose , Arif Ahmed , Emanuel Gutierrez-Cornejo , Parikshit Maini

This paper investigates the robot state estimation problem within a non-inertial environment. The proposed state estimation approach relaxes the common assumption of static ground in the system modeling. The process and measurement models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zijian He , Sangli Teng , Tzu-Yuan Lin , Maani Ghaffari , Yan Gu

Implementing dynamic locomotion behaviors on legged robots requires a high-quality state estimation module. Especially when the motion includes flight phases, state-of-the-art approaches fail to produce reliable estimation of the robot…

Inertial localisation is an important technique as it enables ego-motion estimation in conditions where external observers are unavailable. However, low-cost inertial sensors are inherently corrupted by bias and noise, which lead to unbound…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-06 James Brotchie , Wenchao Li , Andrew D. Greentree , Allison Kealy

Locomotion over soft terrain remains a challenging problem for legged robots. Most of the work done on state estimation for legged robots is designed for rigid contacts, and does not take into account the physical parameters of the terrain.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-08 Shamel Fahmi , Geoff Fink , Claudio Semini

Learning-based inertial odometry has achieved remarkable progress in pedestrian navigation. However, extending these methods to quadruped robots remains challenging due to their distinct and highly dynamic motion patterns. Models that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Dehan Shen , Changhao Chen

Accurate proprioceptive odometry is fundamental for legged robot navigation in GPS-denied and visually degraded environments where conventional visual odometry systems fail. Current approaches face critical limitations: analytical filtering…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Changsheng Luo , Yushi Wang , Wenhan Cai , Mingguo Zhao

Visual Inertial Odometry (VIO) is one of the most established state estimation methods for mobile platforms. However, when visual tracking fails, VIO algorithms quickly diverge due to rapid error accumulation during inertial data…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Russell Buchanan , Varun Agrawal , Marco Camurri , Frank Dellaert , Maurice Fallon

MEMS Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) as ubiquitous proprioceptive motion measurement devices are available on various everyday gadgets and robotic platforms. Nevertheless, the direct inference of geometrical transformations or odometry…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 R. Khorrambakht , H. Damirchi , H. D. Taghirad

Autonomous mobile robots operating in novel environments depend critically on accurate state estimation, often utilizing visual and inertial measurements. Recent work has shown that an invariant formulation of the extended Kalman filter…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Abdullah Altawaitan , Jason Stanley , Sambaran Ghosal , Thai Duong , Nikolay Atanasov

We propose a novel method, ProNav, which uses proprioceptive signals for traversability estimation in challenging outdoor terrains for autonomous legged robot navigation. Our approach uses sensor data from a legged robot's joint encoders,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Mohamed Elnoor , Adarsh Jagan Sathyamoorthy , Kasun Weerakoon , Dinesh Manocha

Sim-to-real reinforcement learning (RL) for humanoid robots with high-gear ratio actuators remains challenging due to complex actuator dynamics and the absence of torque sensors. To address this, we propose a novel RL framework leveraging…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Sotaro Katayama , Yuta Koda , Norio Nagatsuka , Masaya Kinoshita

Inertial odometry (IO) using strap-down inertial measurement units (IMUs) is critical in many robotic applications where precise orientation and position tracking are essential. Prior kinematic motion model-based IO methods often use a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Yuheng Qiu , Chen Wang , Can Xu , Yutian Chen , Xunfei Zhou , Youjie Xia , Sebastian Scherer

This paper introduces an innovative state estimator, MUSE (MUlti-sensor State Estimator), designed to enhance state estimation's accuracy and real-time performance in quadruped robot navigation. The proposed state estimator builds upon our…

This letter introduces two multi-sensor state estimation frameworks for quadruped robots, built on the Invariant Extended Kalman Filter (InEKF) and Invariant Smoother (IS). The proposed methods, named E-InEKF and E-IS, fuse kinematics, IMU,…

Autonomous driving systems are highly dependent on sensors like cameras, LiDAR, and inertial measurement units (IMU) to perceive the environment and estimate their motion. Among these sensors, perception-based sensors are not protected from…

We present a method to improve the accuracy of a zero-velocity-aided inertial navigation system (INS) by replacing the standard zero-velocity detector with a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network. While existing threshold-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Brandon Wagstaff , Jonathan Kelly

State estimation is crucial for legged robots as it directly affects control performance and locomotion stability. In this paper, we propose an Adaptive Invariant Extended Kalman Filter to improve proprioceptive state estimation for legged…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Kyung-Hwan Kim , DongHyun Ahn , Dong-hyun Lee , JuYoung Yoon , Dong Jin Hyun