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Hypernetworks were recently shown to improve the performance of message passing algorithms for decoding error correcting codes. In this work, we demonstrate how hypernetworks can be applied to decode polar codes by employing a new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Eliya Nachmani , Lior Wolf

In this paper, we present a sparse neural network decoder (SNND) of polar codes based on belief propagation (BP) and deep learning. At first, the conventional factor graph of polar BP decoding is converted to the bipartite Tanner graph…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-27 Weihong Xu , Xiaohu You , Chuan Zhang , Yair Be'ery

This paper considers the design and decoding of polar codes for general classical-quantum (CQ) channels. It focuses on decoding via belief-propagation with quantum messages (BPQM) and, in particular, the idea of paired-measurement BPQM…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Avijit Mandal , S. Brandsen , Henry D. Pfister

By constructing chemical reaction networks (CRNs), this paper proposes a method of synthesizing polar decoder using belief propagation (BP) algorithm and successive cancellation (SC) algorithm, respectively. Theoretical analysis and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-19 Zhiwei Zhong , Lulu Ge , Zaichen Zhang , Xiaohu You , Chuan Zhang

In this paper we address the problem of selecting factor-graph permutations of polar codes under belief propagation (BP) decoding to significantly improve the error-correction performance of the code. In particular, we formalize the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Nghia Doan , Seyyed Ali Hashemi , Warren Gross

Polar codes are a channel coding scheme for the next generation of wireless communications standard (5G). The belief propagation (BP) decoder allows for parallel decoding of polar codes, making it suitable for high throughput applications.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Nghia Doan , Seyyed Ali Hashemi , Marco Mondelli , Warren J. Gross

Weighted belief propagation (WBP) for the decoding of linear block codes is considered. In WBP, the Tanner graph of the code is unrolled with respect to the iterations of the belief propagation decoder. Then, weights are assigned to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Alireza Tasdighi , Mansoor Yousefi

Owing to its high parallelism, belief propagation (BP) decoding is highly amenable to high-throughput implementations and thus represents a promising solution for meeting the ultra-high peak data rate of future communication systems.…

We propose a new family of polar coding which realizes high coding gain, low complexity, and high throughput by introducing a protograph-based design. The proposed technique called as quasi-cyclic (QC) polar codes can be highly parallelized…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Ye Wang

Although iterative decoding of polar codes has recently made huge progress based on the idea of permuted factor graphs, it still suffers from a non-negligible performance degradation when compared to state-of-the-art CRC-aided successive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Marvin Geiselhart , Ahmed Elkelesh , Moustafa Ebada , Sebastian Cammerer , Stephan ten Brink

A new algorithm for efficient exact maximum likelihood decoding of polar codes (which may be CRC augmented), transmitted over the binary erasure channel, is presented. The algorithm applies a matrix triangulation process on a sparse polar…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Yonatan Urman , David Burshtein

Variant belief propagation (BP) algorithms are applied to low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. However, conventional decoders suffer from a large resource consumption due to gathering messages from all the neighbour variable-nodes and/or…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Wu Guan , Liping Liang

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes have emerged as a promising technique for quantum error correction. A variety of decoders have been proposed for QLDPC codes and many of them utilize belief propagation (BP) decoding in some…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Hanwen Yao , Waleed Abu Laban , Christian Häger , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Henry D. Pfister

For finite length polar codes, channel polarization leaves a significant number of channels not fully polarized. Adding a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) to better protect information on the semi-polarized channels has already been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-14 A. Elkelesh , M. Ebada , S. Cammerer , S. ten Brink

A key idea in coding for the broadcast channel (BC) is binning, in which the transmitter encode information by selecting a codeword from an appropriate bin (the messages are thus the bin indexes). This selection is normally done by solving…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 A. Braunstein , F. Kayhan , G. Montorsi , R. Zecchina

In this paper, we propose a belief-propagation (BP)-based decoder, termed the Multiple-Bases Belief-Propagation List Decoder (MBBP-LD), for quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes. The key idea is to generate \emph{structured…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Sheida Rabeti , Hessam Mahdavifar

Binary linear block codes (BLBCs) are essential to modern communication, but their diverse structures often require tailor-made decoders, increasing complexity. This work introduces enhanced polar decoding ($\mathsf{PD}^+$), a universal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Chien-Ying Lin , Yu-Chih Huang , Shin-Lin Shieh , Po-Ning Chen

Belief-propagation (BP) decoding for quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes is appealing due to its low complexity, yet it often exhibits convergence issues due to quantum degeneracy and short cycles that exist in the Tanner graph.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Mohsen Moradi , Vahid Nourozi , Salman Habib , David G. M. Mitchell

Known for their capacity-achieving abilities, polar codes have been selected as the control channel coding scheme for 5G communications. To satisfy the needs of high throughput and low latency, belief propagation (BP) is chosen as the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-06 Chieh-Fang Teng , Kuan-Shiuan Ho , Chen-Hsi Wu , Sin-Sheng Wong , An-Yeu Wu

The usual belief propagation (BP) decoders are, in general, exchanging local information on the Tanner graph of the quantum error-correcting (QEC) code and, in particular, are known to not have a threshold for the surface code. We propose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Pedro Hack , Luca Menti , Francisco Lazaro , Alexandru Paler