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Automated facial identification and facial expression recognition have been topics of active research over the past few decades. Facial and expression recognition find applications in human-computer interfaces, subject tracking, real-time…

Face images are one of the main areas of focus for computer vision, receiving on a wide variety of tasks. Although face recognition is probably the most widely researched, many other tasks such as kinship detection, facial expression…

Face recognition systems (FRS) exhibit significant accuracy differences based on the user's gender. Since such a gender gap reduces the trustworthiness of FRS, more recent efforts have tried to find the causes. However, these studies make…

Face detection is an important first step before face verification and recognition. In unconstrained settings it is still an open challenge because of the variation in pose, lighting, scale, background and location. However, for the…

Recently, face recognition systems have demonstrated remarkable performances and thus gained a vital role in our daily life. They already surpass human face verification accountability in many scenarios. However, they lack explanations for…

Surveillance scenarios are prone to several problems since they usually involve low-resolution footage, and there is no control of how far the subjects may be from the camera in the first place. This situation is suitable for the…

Face detection is a well-explored problem. Many challenges on face detectors like extreme pose, illumination, low resolution and small scales are studied in the previous work. However, previous proposed models are mostly trained and tested…

In modern times, face recognition has become one of the key aspects of computer vision. There are at least two reasons for this trend; the first is the commercial and law enforcement applications, and the second is the availability of…

Dense facial landmark detection is one of the key elements of face processing pipeline. It is used in virtual face reenactment, emotion recognition, driver status tracking, etc. Early approaches were suitable for facial landmark detection…

In this paper we have tried to compare the various face recognition models against their classical problems. We look at the methods followed by these approaches and evaluate to what extent they are able to solve the problems. All methods…

Face Recognition has proven to be one of the most successful technology and has impacted heterogeneous domains. Deep learning has proven to be the most successful at computer vision tasks because of its convolution-based architecture. Since…

Deep learning has received increasing interests in face recognition recently. Large quantities of deep learning methods have been proposed to handle various problems appeared in face recognition. Quite a lot deep methods claimed that they…

The widespread use of image acquisition technologies, along with advances in facial recognition, has raised serious privacy concerns. Face de-identification usually refers to the process of concealing or replacing personal identifiers,…

Demographic fairness in face recognition (FR) has emerged as a critical area of research, given its impact on fairness, equity, and reliability across diverse applications. As FR technologies are increasingly deployed globally, disparities…

Face detection is one of the most relevant applications of image processing and biometric systems. Artificial neural networks (ANN) have been used in the field of image processing and pattern recognition. There is lack of literature surveys…

Over the past few decades, interest in algorithms for face recognition has been growing rapidly and has even surpassed human-level performance. Despite their accomplishments, their practical integration with a real-time performance-hungry…

Many vision applications require identity consistency beyond strict biometric recognition, especially under non-frontal views or when facial cues are missing. However, conventional face recognition models enforce intra-identity invariance,…

Accurate analysis and classification of facial attributes are essential in various applications, from human-computer interaction to security systems. In this work, a novel approach to enhance facial classification and recognition tasks…

DeepFake technology has advanced significantly in recent years, enabling the creation of highly realistic synthetic face images. Existing DeepFake detection methods often struggle with pose variations, occlusions, and artifacts that are…

In the beginning stage, face verification is done using easy method of geometric algorithm models, but the verification route has now developed into a scientific progress of complicated geometric representation and matching process. In…