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The accelerated development, deployment and adoption of artificial intelligence systems has been fuelled by the increasing involvement of big tech. This has been accompanied by increasing ethical concerns and intensified societal and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Alex Hernandez-Garcia , Alexandra Volokhova , Ezekiel Williams , Dounia Shaaban Kabakibo

The climate crisis requires responses that integrate scientific, ethical, social, and technological perspectives. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool in climate modelling, environmental monitoring, and energy…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Julio Vega

Two of the most socially consequential issues facing today's children are the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and the rapid changes to the earth's climate. Both issues are complex and contested, and they are linked through the notable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Aayushi Dangol , Robert Wolfe , Nisha Devasia , Mitsuka Kiyohara , Jason Yip , Julie A. Kientz

As AI/ML models, including Large Language Models, continue to scale with massive datasets, so does their consumption of undeniably limited natural resources, and impact on society. In this collaboration between AI, Sustainability, HCI and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Eva Thelisson , Grzegorz Mika , Quentin Schneiter , Kirtan Padh , Himanshu Verma

The latest advancements in machine learning, specifically in foundation models, are revolutionizing the frontiers of existing software engineering (SE) processes. This is a bi-directional phenomona, where 1) software systems are now…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Luís Cruz , Xavier Franch Gutierrez , Silverio Martínez-Fernández

With the ever-growing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI), AI-based software and its negative impact on the environment are no longer negligible, and studying and mitigating this impact has become a critical area of research. However,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ashmita Sampatsing , Sophie Vos , Emma Beauxis-Aussalet , Justus Bogner

Given the growing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods across all aspects of environmental sciences, it is imperative that we initiate a discussion about the ethical and responsible use of AI. In fact, much…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Amy McGovern , Imme Ebert-Uphoff , David John Gagne , Ann Bostrom

This paper examines the integration of AI's carbon footprint into the risk management frameworks (RMFs) of the banking sector, emphasising its importance in aligning with sustainability goals and regulatory requirements. As AI becomes…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Nataliya Tkachenko

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to write and refactor research code, expanding computational workflows. At the same time, Green AI research has largely measured the footprint of models rather than the downstream…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Andres Alonso-Robisco , Carlos Esparcia , Francisco Jareño

The recent developments of artificial intelligence increase its capability for the creation of arts in both largely autonomous and collaborative contexts. In both contexts, Ai aims to imitate, combine, and extend existing artistic styles,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-29 André Holzapfel , Petra Jääskeläinen , Anna-Kaisa Kaila

As global warming soars, the need to assess and reduce the environmental impact of recommender systems is becoming increasingly urgent. Despite this, the recommender systems community hardly understands, addresses, and evaluates the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Lukas Wegmeth , Tobias Vente , Alan Said , Joeran Beel

With ubiquitous exposure of AI systems today, we believe AI development requires crucial considerations to be deemed trustworthy. While the potential of AI systems is bountiful, though, is still unknown-as are their risks. In this work, we…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jamell Dacon

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems currently contribute negatively to the production of digital waste, via the associated energy consumption and the related CO2 emissions. At this moment, a discussion is urgently needed on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Vanessa Utz , Steve DiPaola

As organizations face increasing pressure to understand their corporate and products' carbon footprints, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted calculation systems for footprinting are proliferating, but with widely varying levels of rigor…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shaena Ulissi , Andrew Dumit , P. James Joyce , Krishna Rao , Steven Watson , Sangwon Suh

The rapid advancement of AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), has raised significant concerns about the energy use and carbon emissions associated with model training and inference. However, existing tools for measuring and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Hongzhen Huang , Kunming Zhang , Hanlong Liao , Kui Wu , Guoming Tang

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems impose substantial and growing environmental costs, yet transparency about these impacts has declined even as their deployment has accelerated. This paper makes three contributions. First, we collate…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Kai Ebert , Boris Gamazaychikov , Philipp Hacker , Sasha Luccioni

Accurate reporting of energy and carbon usage is essential for understanding the potential climate impacts of machine learning research. We introduce a framework that makes this easier by providing a simple interface for tracking realtime…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Peter Henderson , Jieru Hu , Joshua Romoff , Emma Brunskill , Dan Jurafsky , Joelle Pineau

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies presents both unprecedented opportunities and significant challenges for sustainable economic development. While AI offers transformative potential for addressing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Anas ALsobeh , Raneem Alkurdi

Artificial Intelligence is increasingly pervasive across domains, with ever more complex models delivering impressive predictive performance. This fast technological advancement however comes at a concerning environmental cost, with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Emilio Cruciani , Roberto Verdecchia

This paper explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of sustainable agricultural development across diverse regions in Africa. Delving into opportunities, challenges, and impact, the study…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Kinyua Gikunda