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Self-training is an important technique for solving semi-supervised learning problems. It leverages unlabeled data by generating pseudo-labels and combining them with a limited labeled dataset for training. The effectiveness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Banghua Zhu , Mingyu Ding , Philip Jacobson , Ming Wu , Wei Zhan , Michael Jordan , Jiantao Jiao

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP to downstream tasks is often necessary to optimize their performance. However, a major obstacle is the limited availability of labeled data. We study the use of pseudolabels, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Cristina Menghini , Andrew Delworth , Stephen H. Bach

Existing weakly or semi-supervised semantic segmentation methods utilize image or box-level supervision to generate pseudo-labels for weakly labeled images. However, due to the lack of strong supervision, the generated pseudo-labels are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Md Amirul Islam , Matthew Kowal , Sen Jia , Konstantinos G. Derpanis , Neil D. B. Bruce

This paper presents XLSR which learns cross-lingual speech representations by pretraining a single model from the raw waveform of speech in multiple languages. We build on wav2vec 2.0 which is trained by solving a contrastive task over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Alexis Conneau , Alexei Baevski , Ronan Collobert , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Michael Auli

To address semi-supervised learning from both labeled and unlabeled data, we present a novel meta-learning scheme. We particularly consider that labeled and unlabeled data share disjoint ground truth label sets, which can be seen tasks like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Yun-Chun Chen , Chao-Te Chou , Yu-Chiang Frank Wang

While deep learning based end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have greatly simplified modeling pipelines, they suffer from the data sparsity issue. In this work, we propose a self-training method with an end-to-end system…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-31 Yang Chen , Weiran Wang , Chao Wang

Building robust and generic object detection frameworks requires scaling to larger label spaces and bigger training datasets. However, it is prohibitively costly to acquire annotations for thousands of categories at a large scale. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Shiyu Zhao , Zhixing Zhang , Samuel Schulter , Long Zhao , Vijay Kumar B. G , Anastasis Stathopoulos , Manmohan Chandraker , Dimitris Metaxas

Semi-supervised multi-label learning (SSMLL) aims to address the challenge of limited labeled data in multi-label learning (MLL) by leveraging unlabeled data to improve the model's performance. While pseudo-labeling has become a dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Bo Han , Zhuoming Li , Xiaoyu Wang , Yaxin Hou , Hui Liu , Junhui Hou , Yuheng Jia

Recent advancements in Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) have shown promising results in Speaker Verification (SV). However, narrowing the performance gap with supervised systems remains an ongoing challenge. Several studies have observed that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-25 Victor Miara , Theo Lepage , Reda Dehak

One paradigm for learning from few labeled examples while making best use of a large amount of unlabeled data is unsupervised pretraining followed by supervised fine-tuning. Although this paradigm uses unlabeled data in a task-agnostic way,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Ting Chen , Simon Kornblith , Kevin Swersky , Mohammad Norouzi , Geoffrey Hinton

Pseudo-Labeling has emerged as a simple yet effective technique for semi-supervised object detection (SSOD). However, the inevitable noise problem in pseudo-labels significantly degrades the performance of SSOD methods. Recent advances…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yulin He , Wei Chen , Ke Liang , Yusong Tan , Zhengfa Liang , Yulan Guo

We propose a sequence labeling framework with a secondary training objective, learning to predict surrounding words for every word in the dataset. This language modeling objective incentivises the system to learn general-purpose patterns of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Marek Rei

An increasing number of people in the world today speak a mixed-language as a result of being multilingual. However, building a speech recognition system for code-switching remains difficult due to the availability of limited resources and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Genta Indra Winata , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Zhaojiang Lin , Zihan Liu , Peng Xu , Pascale Fung

Although Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have achieved human-like performance for a few languages, the majority of the world's languages do not have usable systems due to the lack of large speech datasets to train these models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Hemant Yadav , Sunayana Sitaram

Expanding the language coverage of speech technology has the potential to improve access to information for many more people. However, current speech technology is restricted to about one hundred languages which is a small fraction of the…

Semi-supervised action recognition is a challenging but important task due to the high cost of data annotation. A common approach to this problem is to assign unlabeled data with pseudo-labels, which are then used as additional supervision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Yinghao Xu , Fangyun Wei , Xiao Sun , Ceyuan Yang , Yujun Shen , Bo Dai , Bolei Zhou , Stephen Lin

Meta-learning performs adaptation through a limited amount of support set, which may cause a sample bias problem. To solve this problem, transductive meta-learning is getting more and more attention, going beyond the conventional inductive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Sanghyuk Lee , Seunghyun Lee , Byung Cheol Song

In large-scale domain classification, an utterance can be handled by multiple domains with overlapped capabilities. However, only a limited number of ground-truth domains are provided for each training utterance in practice while knowing as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Joo-Kyung Kim , Young-Bum Kim

In this paper, we propose a self-training approach for automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource settings. While self-training approaches have been extensively developed and evaluated for high-resource languages such as English,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Satwinder Singh , Feng Hou , Ruili Wang

Reducing the amount of labels required to train convolutional neural networks without performance degradation is key to effectively reduce human annotation efforts. We propose Reliable Label Bootstrapping (ReLaB), an unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Paul Albert , Diego Ortego , Eric Arazo , Noel E. O'Connor , Kevin McGuinness