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Recent progress in sentence embedding, which represents the meaning of a sentence as a point in a vector space, has achieved high performance on tasks such as a semantic textual similarity (STS) task. However, sentence representations as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shohei Yoda , Hayato Tsukagoshi , Ryohei Sasano , Koichi Takeda

The combination of Transformer-based encoders with contrastive learning represents the current mainstream paradigm for sentence representation learning. This paradigm is typically based on the hidden states of the last Transformer block of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jianxiang Zang , Nijia Mo , Yonda Wei , Meiling Ning , Hui Liu

The Chinese language has evolved a lot during the long-term development. Therefore, native speakers now have trouble in reading sentences written in ancient Chinese. In this paper, we propose to build an end-to-end neural model to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Zhiyuan Zhang , Wei Li , Qi Su

Unsupervised sentence embedding aims to obtain the most appropriate embedding for a sentence to reflect its semantic. Contrastive learning has been attracting developing attention. For a sentence, current models utilize diverse data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Hao Wang , Yangguang Li , Zhen Huang , Yong Dou , Lingpeng Kong , Jing Shao

We propose a novel data augmentation for labeled sentences called contextual augmentation. We assume an invariance that sentences are natural even if the words in the sentences are replaced with other words with paradigmatic relations. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-17 Sosuke Kobayashi

We present a multi-task learning framework for cross-lingual abstractive summarization to augment training data. Recent studies constructed pseudo cross-lingual abstractive summarization data to train their neural encoder-decoders.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Sho Takase , Naoaki Okazaki

In NLP, a large volume of tasks involve pairwise comparison between two sequences (e.g. sentence similarity and paraphrase identification). Predominantly, two formulations are used for sentence-pair tasks: bi-encoders and cross-encoders.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Fangyu Liu , Yunlong Jiao , Jordan Massiah , Emine Yilmaz , Serhii Havrylov

This paper improves contrastive learning for sentence embeddings from two perspectives: handling dropout noise and addressing feature corruption. Specifically, for the first perspective, we identify that the dropout noise from negative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Jiahao Xu , Wei Shao , Lihui Chen , Lemao Liu

In this paper, we present a denoising sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) autoencoder via contrastive learning for abstractive text summarization. Our model adopts a standard Transformer-based architecture with a multi-layer bi-directional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Chujie Zheng , Kunpeng Zhang , Harry Jiannan Wang , Ling Fan , Zhe Wang

Pre-trained language models have proven their unique powers in capturing implicit language features. However, most pre-training approaches focus on the word-level training objective, while sentence-level objectives are rarely studied. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Zhuofeng Wu , Sinong Wang , Jiatao Gu , Madian Khabsa , Fei Sun , Hao Ma

Neural machine translation (NMT) has recently gained widespread attention because of its high translation accuracy. However, it shows poor performance in the translation of long sentences, which is a major issue in low-resource languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Seiichiro Kondo , Kengo Hotate , Masahiro Kaneko , Mamoru Komachi

Contrastive learning has been extensively studied in sentence embedding learning, which assumes that the embeddings of different views of the same sentence are closer. The constraint brought by this assumption is weak, and a good sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Xing Wu , Chaochen Gao , Zijia Lin , Jizhong Han , Zhongyuan Wang , Songlin Hu

Transformer models using segment-based processing have been an effective architecture for simultaneous speech translation. However, such models create a context mismatch between training and inference environments, hindering potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Matthew Raffel , Drew Penney , Lizhong Chen

Contrastive learning has recently achieved compelling performance in unsupervised sentence representation. As an essential element, data augmentation protocols, however, have not been well explored. The pioneering work SimCSE resorting to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Dongsheng Zhu , Zhenyu Mao , Jinghui Lu , Rui Zhao , Fei Tan

Sentence embeddings are an important component of many natural language processing (NLP) systems. Like word embeddings, sentence embeddings are typically learned on large text corpora and then transferred to various downstream tasks, such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-28 John Giorgi , Osvald Nitski , Bo Wang , Gary Bader

This paper proposes a modularized sense induction and representation learning model that jointly learns bilingual sense embeddings that align well in the vector space, where the cross-lingual signal in the English-Chinese parallel corpus is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Ta-Chung Chi , Yun-Nung Chen

Unsupervised sentence representation learning is one of the fundamental problems in natural language processing with various downstream applications. Recently, contrastive learning has been widely adopted which derives high-quality sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Jiduan Liu , Jiahao Liu , Qifan Wang , Jingang Wang , Wei Wu , Yunsen Xian , Dongyan Zhao , Kai Chen , Rui Yan

Pretraining sentence encoders with language modeling and related unsupervised tasks has recently been shown to be very effective for language understanding tasks. By supplementing language model-style pretraining with further training on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Jason Phang , Thibault Févry , Samuel R. Bowman

We present a novel approach to learn representations for sentence-level semantic similarity using conversational data. Our method trains an unsupervised model to predict conversational input-response pairs. The resulting sentence embeddings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-23 Yinfei Yang , Steve Yuan , Daniel Cer , Sheng-yi Kong , Noah Constant , Petr Pilar , Heming Ge , Yun-Hsuan Sung , Brian Strope , Ray Kurzweil

End-to-end speech translation relies on data that pair source-language speech inputs with corresponding translations into a target language. Such data are notoriously scarce, making synthetic data augmentation by back-translation or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Tsz Kin Lam , Shigehiko Schamoni , Stefan Riezler