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Coronal holes (CHs) are regions of open magnetic flux which are the source of high speed solar wind (HSSW) streams. To date, it is not clear which aspects of CHs are of most influence on the properties of the solar wind as it expands…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 Tadhg M. Garton , Sophie A. Murray , Peter T. Gallagher

A heliospheric termination shock (HTS) surrounds our solar system at approximately 100 astronomical units from the Sun, where the expanding solar wind (SW) is compressed and heated before encountering the interstellar medium.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-28 E. J. Zirnstein , R. Kumar , B. L. Shrestha , P. Swaczyna , M. A. Dayeh , J. Heerikhuisen , J. R. Szalay

The solar wind (SW) and the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation modulate fluxes of interstellar and heliospheric particles inside the heliosphere both in time and in space. Understanding this modulation is necessary to correctly interpret…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-08-19 Justyna M. Sokół , D. J. McComas , M. Bzowski , M. Tokumaru

Pickup ions are created when interstellar neutral atoms resonantly exchange charge with the solar wind (SW) ions, especially in the supersonic part of the wind, where they carry most of the plasma pressure. Here we present numerical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-21 Nikolai V. Pogorelov , Matthew C. Bedford , Igor A. Kryukov , Gary P. Zank

Interchange reconnection is thought to play an important role in determining the dynamics and material composition of the slow solar wind that originates from near coronal hole boundaries. To explore the implications of this process we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Roger B. Scott , Stephen J. Bradshaw , Mark G. Linton

We update two kinds of results obtained with the SWAN instrument on board SOHO. First, we use H cell data recorded in 2001 and derive the H flow direction in the same way we performed the study at solar minimum. We compare with the Helium…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-15 Rosine Lallement , Eric Quémerais , Dimitra Koutroumpa , Jean-Loup Bertaux , Stéphane Ferron , Walter Schmidt

We use dual-site radio observations of interplanetary scintillation (IPS) with extremely long baselines (ELB) to examine meridional flow characteristics of the ambient fast solar wind at plane-of-sky heliocentric distances of 24-85 solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Gareth Dorrian , Andy Breen , Richard Fallows , Mario Bisi

The goal of the Fully Online Datacenter of Ultraviolet Emissions (FONDUE) Working Team of the International Space Science Institute in Bern, Switzerland, was to establish a common calibration of various UV and EUV heliospheric observations,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. Bzowski , J. M. Sokol , M. Tokumaru , K. Fujiki , E. Quemerais , R. Lallement , S. Ferron , P. Bochsler , D. J. McComas

The solar wind is a dynamic plasma outflow that shapes heliospheric conditions and drives space weather. Identifying its large-scale phenomena is crucial, yet the increasing volume of high-cadence Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations poses…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-03 Valmir P Moraes Filho , Daniela Martin , Jasmine R. Kobayashi , Connor O'Brien , Jinsu Hong , Evangelia Samara , Joseph Gallego

This paper reviews the current state of our understanding of high-speed solar wind acceleration in coronal holes. Observations by SOHO, coupled with interplanetary particle measurements going back several decades, have put strong…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Steven R. Cranmer

The solar wind (SW) and local interstellar medium (LISM) are turbulent media. Their interaction is governed by complex physical processes and creates heliospheric regions with significantly different properties in terms of particle…

Using the OMNI data for period 1976-2000 we investigate the temporal profiles of 20 plasma and field parameters in the disturbed large-scale types of solar wind (SW): CIR, ICME (both MC and Ejecta) and Sheath as well as the interplanetary…

Space Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 Yu. I. Yermolaev , I. G. Lodkina , N. S. Nikolaeva , M. Yu. Yermolaev

The fast solar wind that fills the heliosphere originates from deep within regions of open magnetic field on the Sun called coronal holes. The energy source responsible for accelerating the plasma to high speeds is widely debated, however…

The ambient solar wind conditions in interplanetary space and in the near-Earth environment are determined by activity on the Sun. Steady solar wind streams modulate the propagation behaviour of interplanetary coronal mass ejections and are…

Knowledge about the background solar wind plays a crucial role in the framework of space weather forecasting. In-situ measurements of the background solar wind are only available for a few points in the heliosphere where spacecraft are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-05 C. Gressl , A. M. Veronig , M. Temmer , D. Odstrcil , J. A. Linker , Z. Mikic , P. Riley

We study how a high-speed solar wind stream embedded in a slow solar wind affects the transport and energy changes of solar energetic protons in interplanetary space, assuming different levels of cross-field diffusion. This is done using a…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Nicolas Wijsen , Angels Aran , Jens Pomoell , Stefaan Poedts

We present a first theoretical modeling of joint Parker Solar Probe (PSP) - Metis/Solar Orbiter (SolO) quadrature observations Telloni et al 2022c. The combined observations describe the evolution of a slow solar wind plasma parcel from the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-05 Laxman Adhikari , Gary P. Zank , Daniele Telloni , Lingling Zhao

We present a scalable machine learning framework for analyzing Parker Solar Probe (PSP) solar wind data using distributed processing and the quantum-inspired Kernel Density Matrices (KDM) method. The PSP dataset (2018--2024) exceeds 150 GB,…

A technique by which a spacecraft can interact with flows of ionized gas in space (the solar wind or interstellar medium) to be accelerated to velocities greater than the wind velocity is explored. Inspired by the dynamic soaring maneuvers…

Space Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Mathias N. Larrouturou , Andrew J. Higgins , Jeffrey K. Greason

In the present work we utilize ACE/SWICS in-situ measurements of the properties of the solar wind outside ICMEs in order to determine whether, and to what extent are the solar wind properties affected by the solar cycle. We focus on proton…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-17 A. Cardenas-O'Toole , E. Landi