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Data augmentation is one of the most effective ways to make end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) perform close to the conventional hybrid approach, especially when dealing with low-resource tasks. Using recent advances in speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-21 Aleksandr Laptev , Roman Korostik , Aleksey Svischev , Andrei Andrusenko , Ivan Medennikov , Sergey Rybin

Speech emotion recognition (SER) is a key technology to enable more natural human-machine communication. However, SER has long suffered from a lack of public large-scale labeled datasets. To circumvent this problem, we investigate how…

Self-supervised pre-training using unlabeled data is widely used in automatic speech recognition. In this paper, we propose a new self-supervised pre-training approach to dealing with heterogeneous data. Instead of mixing all the data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Xiaodong Cui , A F M Saif , Brian Kingsbury , Tianyi Chen

The last year has seen astonishing progress in text-prompted image generation premised on the idea of a cross-modal representation space in which the text and image domains are represented jointly. In ASR, this idea has found application as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Cal Peyser , Zhong Meng , Ke Hu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Andrew Rosenberg , Tara N. Sainath , Michael Picheny , Kyunghyun Cho

Recently, self-supervised pretraining has achieved impressive results in end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, the dominant sequence-to-sequence (S2S) E2E model is still hard to fully utilize the self-supervised…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-15 Keqi Deng , Songjun Cao , Yike Zhang , Long Ma

In this work, we introduce a semiparametric token-sequence co-supervision training method. It trains a language model by simultaneously leveraging supervision from the traditional next token prediction loss which is calculated over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Hyunji Lee , Doyoung Kim , Jihoon Jun , Sejune Joo , Joel Jang , Kyoung-Woon On , Minjoon Seo

Self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques have achieved remarkable results in various speech processing tasks. Nonetheless, a significant challenge remains in reducing the reliance on vast amounts of speech data for pre-training. This paper…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-05 Po-chun Hsu , Ali Elkahky , Wei-Ning Hsu , Yossi Adi , Tu Anh Nguyen , Jade Copet , Emmanuel Dupoux , Hung-yi Lee , Abdelrahman Mohamed

The current trend in automatic speech recognition is to leverage large amounts of labeled data to train supervised neural network models. Unfortunately, obtaining data for a wide range of domains to train robust models can be costly.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Wei-Ning Hsu , Hao Tang , James Glass

Contrastive Predictive Coding (CPC), based on predicting future segments of speech based on past segments is emerging as a powerful algorithm for representation learning of speech signal. However, it still under-performs other methods on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-03 Eugene Kharitonov , Morgane Rivière , Gabriel Synnaeve , Lior Wolf , Pierre-Emmanuel Mazaré , Matthijs Douze , Emmanuel Dupoux

In this paper, we propose a simple but powerful unsupervised learning method for speaker recognition, namely Contrastive Equilibrium Learning (CEL), which increases the uncertainty on nuisance factors latent in the embeddings by employing…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-23 Sung Hwan Mun , Woo Hyun Kang , Min Hyun Han , Nam Soo Kim

Until recently, the number of public real-world text images was insufficient for training scene text recognizers. Therefore, most modern training methods rely on synthetic data and operate in a fully supervised manner. Nevertheless, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Aviad Aberdam , Roy Ganz , Shai Mazor , Ron Litman

This paper studies a novel pre-training technique with unpaired speech data, Speech2C, for encoder-decoder based automatic speech recognition (ASR). Within a multi-task learning framework, we introduce two pre-training tasks for the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Junyi Ao , Ziqiang Zhang , Long Zhou , Shujie Liu , Haizhou Li , Tom Ko , Lirong Dai , Jinyu Li , Yao Qian , Furu Wei

This paper presents a new semi-supervised framework with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for text categorization. Unlike the previous approaches that rely on word embeddings, our method learns embeddings of small text regions from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-03 Rie Johnson , Tong Zhang

Semi-supervised learning has demonstrated promising results in automatic speech recognition (ASR) by self-training using a seed ASR model with pseudo-labels generated for unlabeled data. The effectiveness of this approach largely relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Niko Moritz , Takaaki Hori , Jonathan Le Roux

Self-supervised methods such as Contrastive predictive Coding (CPC) have greatly improved the quality of the unsupervised representations. These representations significantly reduce the amount of labeled data needed for downstream task…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-27 Saurabhchand Bhati , Jesús Villalba , Piotr Żelasko , Laureano Moro-Velazquez , Najim Dehak

Pretrained language models such as BERT, GPT have shown great effectiveness in language understanding. The auxiliary predictive tasks in existing pretraining approaches are mostly defined on tokens, thus may not be able to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Hongchao Fang , Sicheng Wang , Meng Zhou , Jiayuan Ding , Pengtao Xie

Self-supervised learning (SSL) is a powerful technique for learning representations from unlabeled data. Transformer based models such as HuBERT, which consist a feature extractor and transformer layers, are leading the field in the speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-23 Zih-Ching Chen , Yu-Shun Sung , Hung-yi Lee

Self-supervised learning (SSL)-based speech models are extensively used for full-stack speech processing. However, it has been observed that improving SSL-based speech representations using unlabeled speech for content-related tasks is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Amit Meghanani , Thomas Hain

Counterfactual explanations for machine learning models are used to find minimal interventions to the feature values such that the model changes the prediction to a different output or a target output. A valid counterfactual explanation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Shravan Kumar Sajja , Sumanta Mukherjee , Satyam Dwivedi

This paper considers semi-supervised learning for tabular data. It is widely known that Xgboost based on tree model works well on the heterogeneous features while transductive support vector machine can exploit the low density separation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Zhiguo Wang , Liusha Yang , Feng Yin , Ke Lin , Qingjiang Shi , Zhi-Quan Luo