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Flavor observables are usually computed with the help of the electroweak Hamiltonian which separates the short-distance from the long-distance regime. The Wilson coefficients are calculated perturbatively, while matrix elements of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-02-22 Fabian Lange

The effective electroweak Hamiltonian in the gradient-flow formalism is constructed for the current-current operators through next-to-next-to-leading order QCD. The results are presented for two common choices of the operator basis. This…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-03-14 Robert V. Harlander , Fabian Lange

Over the last decade the gradient flow formalism became an important tool for lattice simulations of Quantum Chromodynamics. It offers remarkable renormalization properties which pave the way for cross-fertilization between perturbative and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-02-22 Fabian Lange

The gradient-flow formalism proves to be a useful tool in lattice calculations of quantum chromodynamics. For example, it can be used as a scheme to renormalize composite operators by inverting the short-flow-time expansion of the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-11-05 Janosch Borgulat , Robert V. Harlander , Jonas T. Kohnen , Fabian Lange

The gradient flow exponentially suppresses ultraviolet field fluctuations and removes ultraviolet divergences (up to a multiplicative fermionic wavefunction renormalization). It can be used to describe real-space Wilsonian renormalization…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-02-21 Anna Hasenfratz , Christopher J. Monahan , Matthew D. Rizik , Andrea Shindler , Oliver Witzel

Normalizing flows can be used to construct unbiased, reduced-variance estimators for lattice field theory observables that are defined by a derivative with respect to action parameters. This work implements the approach for observables…

The gradient-flow formalism is applied to a non-Abelian gauge theory with scalar and fermionic particles, dubbed "scalar QCD". It is shown that the flowed scalar quark requires a field renormalization, albeit only beyond the one-loop level.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-26 J. Borgulat , N. Felten , R. V. Harlander , J. T. Kohnen

Fermionic gradient flow in combination with the short-flow-time expansion provides a computational method where the renormalisation of hadronic matrix elements on the lattice can be simplified to address e.g. the issue that operators with…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2024-12-02 Matthew Black , Robert Harlander , Fabian Lange , Antonio Rago , Andrea Shindler , Oliver Witzel

We attempt the use of a unitary operator to approximate the lattice Boltzmann collision operator. We use a modified amplitude encoding to bypass the renormalization that would have required classical processing at every step (thus eroding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-08 Wael Itani , Katepalli R. Sreenivasan

Lattice calculations of hadronic observables are aggravated by short-distance fluctuations. The gradient flow, which can be viewed as a particular realisation of the coarse-graining step of momentum space RG transformations, proves a…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-12-14 K. U. Can , R. Horsley , Y. Nakamura , H. Perlt , P. E. L. Rakow , G. Schierholz , H. Stüben , R. D. Young , J. M. Zanotti

Machine-learned normalizing flows can be used in the context of lattice quantum field theory to generate statistically correlated ensembles of lattice gauge fields at different action parameters. This work demonstrates how these…

Flow models are a cornerstone of modern machine learning. They are generative models that progressively transform probability distributions according to learned dynamics. Specifically, they learn a continuous-time Markov process that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 David Layden , Ryan Sweke , Vojtěch Havlíček , Anirban Chowdhury , Kirill Neklyudov

The gradient-flow operator product expansion for QCD current correlators including operators up to mass dimension four is calculated through NNLO. This paves an alternative way for efficient lattice evaluations of hadronic vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-08-26 Robert V. Harlander , Fabian Lange , Tobias Neumann

Lattice QCD calculations have been conducted using large-scale classical computers based on the Lagrangian formalism of field theory for the past 40 years. On the other hand, the advent of quantum computers has brought increasing attention…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-09-09 Etsuko Itou

We review our recent study on the QCD static force using gradient flow at next-to-leading order in the strong coupling. The QCD static force has the advantage of being free of the $O(\Lambda_{\text{QCD}})$ renormalon appearing in the static…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-01-11 Xiang-Peng Wang

We describe in detail the implementation of a systematic perturbative approach to observables in the QCD gradient-flow formalism. This includes a collection of all relevant Feynman rules of the five-dimensional field theory and the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-10-12 Johannes Artz , Robert V. Harlander , Fabian Lange , Tobias Neumann , Mario Prausa

The gradient flow renormalized coupling offers a simple and relatively inexpensive way to calculate the step scaling function and the lattice scale, but both applications can be hindered by large lattice artifacts. Recently we introduced an…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-02-02 Anna Hasenfratz

We introduce a framework that unifies quantum measurement dynamics, Hamiltonian dynamics, and double-bracket gradient flows. We do so by providing explicit expressions for stochastic Hamiltonians that produce state dynamics identical to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Aarón Villanueva , Luis Pedro García-Pintos

Fluid simulations, especially at high Reynolds numbers, are computationally expensive on classical computers, making them promising application targets for quantum computing. Recent studies have combined the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Kazumasa Ueno , Keita Kanno , Yasunori Lee

Quantum algorithms have been identified as a potential means to accelerate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, with the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) being a promising candidate for realizing quantum speedups. Here, we extend…

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