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When an X-ray area detector based on a single crystalline material, for instance, a state of the art hybrid pixel detector, is illuminated from a point source by monochromatic radiation, a pattern of lines appears which overlays the…
A resolution-enhanced dark-field microscope by structured light illumination is proposed to improve resolution and contrast. A set of phase-shifted fringes are projected to the sample plane at large angle to capture modulated dark-field…
The polarization of x-rays plays an outstanding role in experimental techniques such as non-resonant magnetic x-ray scattering and resonant x-ray scattering of magnetic and multipolar order. Different instrumental methods applied to…
Deep stereo matching has made significant progress in recent years. However, state-of-the-art methods are based on expensive 4D cost volume, which limits their use in real-world applications. To address this issue, 3D correlation maps and…
An approach for measuring linear X-ray polarization over a broad-band using conventional spectroscopic optics is described. A set of multilayer-coated flats reflect the dispersed X-rays to the instrument detectors. The intensity variation…
A method is presented for estimating the background at a given location on a sky map by interpolating the estimated background from a set of concentric annuli which surround this location. If the background is nonuniform but smoothly…
We investigate the effects of pseudoscalar-photon mixing on electromagnetic radiation in the presence of correlated extragalactic magnetic fields. We model the Universe as a collection of magnetic domains and study the propagation of…
An approach to diffraction tomography is investigated for two-dimensional image reconstruction of objects surrounded by an arbitrarily-shaped curve of sources and receivers. Based on the integral theorem of Helmholtz and Kirchhoff, the…
A method is proposed for obtaining three simultaneous projections of a target from a single radiation pulse, which also allows the relative orientation of successive targets to be determined. The method has application to femtosecond X-ray…
Mechanisms for one-dimensional photon sorting are theoretically studied in the framework of a couple mode method. The considered system is a nanopatterned structure composed of two different pixels drilled on the surface of a thin gold…
A novel approach for measuring linear X-ray polarization over a broad-band using conventional imaging optics and cameras is described. A new type of high efficiency grating, called the critical angle transmission grating is used to disperse…
The polarization of X-ray emission is a unique tool used to investigate the magnetic field structure around astrophysical objects. In this paper, we study the linear polarization of X-ray emissions from gamma-ray binary systems based on…
We propose a new method for the characterization of stellar stratification in stellar systems. The method uses the mean-square radius (also called the Spitzer radius) of the system as a diagnostic tool. An estimate of the observable…
Radio galaxies are linearly polarized -- an important property that allows us to infer the properties of the magnetic field of the source and its environment. However at low frequencies, Faraday rotation substantially depolarizes the…
Symmetry relationships for optical observations of matter generally fall into several common scattering geometries. The 'planetary' configuration is preferred among a group of observers of extraterrestrial planets, 'laboratory' observations…
Using a scheme based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, we propose an analysis of the superposition of polarized laser beams at a given angle. The focus of our study is the spatially varying polarization state of the resulting field, also…
Lattice imaging facilitates digital implementation of optical darkfield strategies that have for decades played a key role in the conventional electron microscopy of materials. Applications to the microscopy of periodic structures are…
Self-polar polytopes are convex polytopes that are equal to an orthogonal transformation of their polar sets. These polytopes were first studied by Lov\'{a}sz as a means of establishing the chromatic number of distance graphs on spheres,…
The recent method of the description of classical fields in terms of Lagrange-Souriau form is applied to the case of source-free electromagnetic field in order to check its computational capabilities. The relevant calculations are…
We examine the polarization signal of the cosmic microwave background radiation associated with distant clusters. The polarization is induced by the Thomson scattering of microwave photons with ionized gas of clusters and contains…