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I investigate through simulations the redshift dependence of several lensing measures for two cosmological models, a flat universe with a cosmological constant (\LambdaCDM), and an open universe (OCDM). I argue that quintessence models can…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Antonio C. C. Guimarães

Understanding the evolution of dark energy poses a significant challenge in modern cosmology, as it is responsible for the universe's accelerated expansion. In this study, we focus on a specific $f(T)$ cosmological model and analyze its…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-14 A. Zhadyranova , M. Koussour , S. Bekkhozhayev , V. Zhumabekova , J. Rayimbaev

In this paper, we present a model-independent approach to calibrate the largest quasar sample. Calibrating quasar samples is essentially constraining the parameters of the linear relation between the $\log$ of the ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-11 Xiaolei Li , Ryan E. Keeley , Arman Shafieloo , Xiaogang Zheng , Shuo Cao , Marek Biesiada , Zong-Hong Zhu

The rotational velocity of distant galaxies, when interpreted as a size (luminosity) indicator, may be used as a tool to select high redshift standard rods (candles) and probe world models and galaxy evolution via the classical angular…

In this work, we investigate a cosmological scenario with a time-dependent cosmological constant $\Lambda$(t) within the spatially flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) framework. Here we study a power-law $\Lambda(t)$CDM model…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-28 Archana Dixit , Manish Yadav , Anirudh Pradhan , M. S. Barak

Relations connecting gamma ray burst quantities can be used to constrain cosmographic parameters of the Hubble law at medium-high redshifts. We consider a sample of 27 gamma ray bursts to construct the luminosity distance to redshift…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-09 S. Capozziello , L. Izzo

The present standard model of cosmology, $\Lambda$CDM, contains some intriguing coincidences. Not only are the dominant contributions to the energy density approximately of the same order at the present epoch, but we note that contrary to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Pim van Oirschot , Juliana Kwan , Geraint F. Lewis

Cosmological observables could be used to construct cosmological models, however, a fixed number of observables limited on the light cone is not enough to uniquely determine a certain model. A reconstructed spherically symmetric,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Siqi Liu , Tong-Jie Zhang

We present a determination of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) using the latest observational data from multiple cosmological probes, providing an independent geometric calibration of the SN Ia distance scale. By combining baryon acoustic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-06 Tonghua Liu , Shuo Cao , Jieci Wang

We observe that the errors on the Hubble constant $H_0$, a universal parameter in any FLRW cosmology, can be larger in specific cosmological models than Gaussian Processes (GP) data reconstruction. We comment on the prior mean function and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-09 E. Ó Colgáin , M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari

The cosmographic approach, which only relies upon the homogeneity and isotropy of the Universe on large scales, has become an essential tool in dealing with an increasing number of theoretical possibilities for explaining the late-time…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-26 Alvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz

Local measurements of the Hubble parameter are increasingly in tension with the value inferred from a $\Lambda$CDM fit to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. In this paper, we construct scenarios in which evolving scalar fields…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-13 Prateek Agrawal , Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine , David Pinner , Lisa Randall

The advent of large data-set in cosmology has meant that in the past 10 or 20 years our knowledge and understanding of the Universe has changed not only quantitatively but also, and most importantly, qualitatively. Cosmologists rely on data…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 Licia Verde

The distance ladder using supernovae yields higher values of the Hubble constant $H_0$ than those inferred from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and galaxy surveys, a discrepancy that has come to be known as the `Hubble…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-27 José Luis Bernal , Licia Verde , Raul Jimenez , Marc Kamionkowski , David Valcin , Benjamin D. Wandelt

We use updated Hubble parameter and baryon acoustic oscillation data, as well as other lower-redshift Type Ia supernova, Mg II reverberation-measured quasar, quasar angular size, H II starburst galaxy, and Amati-correlated gamma-ray burst…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-31 Shulei Cao , Bharat Ratra

Discrepancy between the measurements of Hubble constant $H_{0}$ from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the local distance ladder is the most serious challenge to the standard $\Lambda$CDM model. Recent researches point out that it…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-10 J. P. Hu , X. D. Jia , J. Hu , F. Y. Wang

Despite the ability of the cosmological concordance model ($\Lambda$CDM) to describe the cosmological observations exceedingly well, power law expansion of the Universe scale radius, $R(t)\propto t^n$, has been proposed as an alternative…

The Hubble parameter $H_0$, is not a univocally-defined quantity: it relates redshifts to distances in the near Universe, but is also a key parameter of the $\Lambda$CDM standard cosmological model. As such, $H_0$ affects several physical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-23 Licia Verde , Nils Schöneberg , Héctor Gil-Marín

We develop a novel statistical strong lensing approach to probe the cosmological parameters by exploiting multiple redshift image systems behind galaxies or galaxy clusters. The method relies on free-form mass inversion of strong lenses and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 M. Lubini , M. Sereno , J. Coles , Ph. Jetzer , P. Saha