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Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved significant success in addressing node classification tasks. However, the effectiveness of traditional GNNs degrades on heterophilic graphs, where connected nodes often belong to different labels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Asela Hevapathige , Asiri Wijesinghe , Ahad N. Zehmakan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) learn to represent nodes by aggregating information from their neighbors. As GNNs increase in depth, their receptive field grows exponentially, leading to high memory costs. Several existing methods address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Taraneh Younesian , Daniel Daza , Emile van Krieken , Thiviyan Thanapalasingam , Peter Bloem

Since heterogeneity presents a fundamental challenge in graph federated learning, many existing methods are proposed to deal with node feature heterogeneity and structure heterogeneity. However, they overlook the critical homophily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Wentao Yu

Link prediction is a fundamental problem in many graph based applications, such as protein-protein interaction prediction. Graph neural network (GNN) has recently been widely used for link prediction. However, existing GNN based link…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Kai-Lang Yao , Wu-Jun Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become powerful tools for learning from graph-structured data, finding applications across diverse domains. However, as graph sizes and connectivity increase, standard GNN training methods face significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Eshed Gal , Moshe Eliasof , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Ivan I. Kyrchei , Eldad Haber , Eran Treister

Over the past decade, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have transformed graph representation learning. In the widely adopted message-passing GNN framework, nodes refine their representations by aggregating information from neighboring nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Astrit Tola , Jack Myrick , Baris Coskunuzer

Existing multiplex graph models often assume homophily, where connected nodes tend to belong to the same class or share similar attributes. Consequently, these models may struggle with graphs exhibiting heterophily, where connected nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Kamel Abdous , Nairouz Mrabah , Mohamed Bouguessa

To improve the robustness of graph neural networks (GNN), graph structure learning (GSL) has attracted great interest due to the pervasiveness of noise in graph data. Many approaches have been proposed for GSL to jointly learn a clean graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Shaogao Lv , Gang Wen , Shiyu Liu , Linsen Wei , Ming Li

Homophily is a graph property describing the tendency of edges to connect similar nodes; the opposite is called heterophily. It is often believed that heterophilous graphs are challenging for standard message-passing graph neural networks…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Oleg Platonov , Denis Kuznedelev , Artem Babenko , Liudmila Prokhorenkova

Graph Neural Networks have shown excellent performance on semi-supervised classification tasks. However, they assume access to a graph that may not be often available in practice. In the absence of any graph, constructing k-Nearest Neighbor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Vijay Lingam , Arun Iyer , Rahul Ragesh

Graph neural networks (GNNs), an emerging class of machine learning models for graphs, have gained popularity for their superior performance in various graph analytical tasks. Mini-batch training is commonly used to train GNNs on large…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Sandeep Polisetty , Juelin Liu , Kobi Falus , Yi Ren Fung , Seung-Hwan Lim , Hui Guan , Marco Serafini

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have garnered considerable interest due to their exceptional performance in a wide range of graph machine learning tasks. Nevertheless, the majority of GNN-based approaches have been examined using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Jingyang Yuan , Xiao Luo , Yifang Qin , Zhengyang Mao , Wei Ju , Ming Zhang

Homophily principle, i.e., nodes with the same labels are more likely to be connected, has been believed to be the main reason for the performance superiority of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) over Neural Networks on node classification…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Sitao Luan , Chenqing Hua , Minkai Xu , Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Xiao-Wen Chang , Jie Fu , Jure Leskovec , Doina Precup

Heterogeneous graphs with heterophily have emerged as a powerful abstraction for modeling complex real-world systems, where nodes of different types and labels interact in diverse and often non-homophilous ways. Despite recent advances,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yihan Zhang , Ercan E. Kuruoglu

Spectral Graph Neural Networks (SGNNs) have achieved remarkable performance in tasks such as node classification due to their ability to learn flexible filters. Typically, these filters are learned under the supervision of downstream tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Kangkang Lu , Yanhua Yu , Zhiyong Huang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in various natural language processing tasks; however, their application to graph-related problems remains limited, primarily due to scalability constraints and the absence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hyun Lee , Chris Yi , Maminur Islam , B. D. S. Aritra

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become pivotal tools for a range of graph-based learning tasks. Notably, most current GNN architectures operate under the assumption of homophily, whether explicitly or implicitly. While this underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Kun Wang , Guibin Zhang , Xinnan Zhang , Junfeng Fang , Xun Wu , Guohao Li , Shirui Pan , Wei Huang , Yuxuan Liang

Meta-learning has received a tremendous recent attention as a possible approach for mimicking human intelligence, i.e., acquiring new knowledge and skills with little or even no demonstration. Most of the existing meta-learning methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Fan Zhou , Chengtai Cao , Kunpeng Zhang , Goce Trajcevski , Ting Zhong , Ji Geng

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been extensively studied for prediction tasks on graphs. As pointed out by recent studies, most GNNs assume local homophily, i.e., strong similarities in local neighborhoods. This assumption however limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Sean Li , Dongwoo Kim , Qing Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) based methods have achieved impressive performance on node clustering task. However, they are designed on the homophilic assumption of graph and clustering on heterophilic graph is overlooked. Due to the lack of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Erlin Pan , Zhao Kang