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Object-centric representations are a promising path toward more systematic generalization by providing flexible abstractions upon which compositional world models can be built. Recent work on simple 2D and 3D datasets has shown that models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Thomas Kipf , Gamaleldin F. Elsayed , Aravindh Mahendran , Austin Stone , Sara Sabour , Georg Heigold , Rico Jonschkowski , Alexey Dosovitskiy , Klaus Greff

Supervised imitation-based approaches are often favored over off-policy reinforcement learning approaches for learning policies offline, since their straightforward optimization objective makes them computationally efficient and stable to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Adam Jelley , Trevor McInroe , Sam Devlin , Amos Storkey

Today's robots attempt to learn new tasks by imitating human examples. These robots watch the human complete the task, and then try to match the actions taken by the human expert. However, this standard approach to visual imitation learning…

In the field of image captioning, the phenomenon where missing or nonexistent objects are used to explain an image is referred to as object bias (or hallucination). To mitigate this issue, we propose a target-aware prompting strategy. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Feiyang Huang

We examine the problem of learning sequential tasks from a single visual demonstration. A key challenge arises when demonstrations are temporally misaligned due to variations in timing, differences in embodiment, or inconsistencies in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 William Huey , Huaxiaoyue Wang , Anne Wu , Yoav Artzi , Sanjiban Choudhury

Recent works in self-supervised learning have demonstrated strong performance on scene-level dense prediction tasks by pretraining with object-centric or region-based correspondence objectives. In this paper, we present Region-to-Object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Akash Gokul , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Shufan Li , Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka , Trevor Darrell , Colorado J Reed

We introduce Recursive Agent Optimization (RAO), a reinforcement learning approach for training recursive agents: agents that can spawn and delegate sub-tasks to new instantiations of themselves recursively. Recursive agents implement an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Apurva Gandhi , Satyaki Chakraborty , Xiangjun Wang , Aviral Kumar , Graham Neubig

We study the problem of learning a navigation policy for a robot to actively search for an object of interest in an indoor environment solely from its visual inputs. While scene-driven visual navigation has been widely studied, prior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Xin Ye , Zhe Lin , Haoxiang Li , Shibin Zheng , Yezhou Yang

Experience replay enables reinforcement learning agents to memorize and reuse past experiences, just as humans replay memories for the situation at hand. Contemporary off-policy algorithms either replay past experiences uniformly or utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Daochen Zha , Kwei-Herng Lai , Kaixiong Zhou , Xia Hu

This paper introduces a novel causal framework for multi-stage decision-making in natural language action spaces where outcomes are only observed after a sequence of actions. While recent approaches like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Bohan Zhang , Yixin Wang , Paramveer S. Dhillon

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is used to solve problems involving multiple objectives. An MORL agent must make decisions based on the diverse signals provided by distinct reward functions. Training an MORL agent yields a set…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Zuzanna Osika , Jazmin Zatarain-Salazar , Frans A. Oliehoek , Pradeep K. Murukannaiah

Autoregressive policies offer a compelling foundation for scalable robot learning by enabling discrete abstraction, token-level reasoning, and flexible inference. However, applying autoregressive modeling to continuous robot actions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Chaoqi Liu , Xiaoshen Han , Jiawei Gao , Yue Zhao , Haonan Chen , Yilun Du

Humans have a natural instinct to identify unknown object instances in their environments. The intrinsic curiosity about these unknown instances aids in learning about them, when the corresponding knowledge is eventually available. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 K J Joseph , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

Generalization in robotic manipulation remains a critical challenge, particularly when scaling to new environments with limited demonstrations. This paper introduces CAGE, a novel robotic manipulation policy designed to overcome these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Shangning Xia , Hongjie Fang , Cewu Lu , Hao-Shu Fang

Training Large Language Models (LLMs) to reason often relies on Reinforcement Learning (RL) with task-specific verifiers. However, many real-world reasoning-intensive tasks lack verifiers, despite offering abundant expert demonstrations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Locke Cai , Ivan Provilkov

Policy constraint methods in offline reinforcement learning employ additional regularization techniques to constrain the discrepancy between the learned policy and the offline dataset. However, these methods tend to result in overly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Shirong Liu , Chenjia Bai , Zixian Guo , Hao Zhang , Gaurav Sharma , Yang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) often solve challenging math exercises yet fail to apply the concept right when the problem requires genuine understanding. Popular Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) pipelines reinforce final…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zijun Gao , Zhikun Xu , Xiao Ye , Ben Zhou

Leveraging vast amounts of unlabeled internet video data for embodied AI is currently bottlenecked by the lack of action labels and the presence of action-correlated visual distractors. Although recent latent action policy optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Albina Klepach , Alexander Nikulin , Ilya Zisman , Denis Tarasov , Alexander Derevyagin , Andrei Polubarov , Nikita Lyubaykin , Igor Kiselev , Vladislav Kurenkov

Imitation learning is an effective approach for autonomous systems to acquire control policies when an explicit reward function is unavailable, using supervision provided as demonstrations from an expert, typically a human operator.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-20 YuXuan Liu , Abhishek Gupta , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

Object rearrangement has recently emerged as a key competency in robot manipulation, with practical solutions generally involving object detection, recognition, grasping and high-level planning. Goal-images describing a desired scene…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Walter Goodwin , Sagar Vaze , Ioannis Havoutis , Ingmar Posner