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In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding neural architectures' ability to learn to execute discrete algorithms, a line of work often referred to as neural algorithmic reasoning. The goal is to integrate algorithmic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Solveig Wittig , Antonis Vasileiou , Robert R. Nerem , Timo Stoll , Floris Geerts , Yusu Wang , Christopher Morris

In recent years, there has been a resurgence in methods that use distributed (neural) representations to represent and reason about semantic knowledge for robotics applications. However, while robots often observe previously unknown…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Angel Daruna , Mehul Gupta , Mohan Sridharan , Sonia Chernova

Machine learning, artificial intelligence and especially deep learning based approaches are often used to simplify or eliminate the burden of programming industrial robots. Using these approaches robots inherently learn a skill instead of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Sanaz Behbahani , Siddharth Chhatpar , Said Zahrai , Vishakh Duggal , Mohak Sukhwani

Real-world scenarios demand reasoning about process, more than final outcome prediction, to discover latent causal chains and better understand complex systems. It requires the learning algorithms to offer both accurate predictions and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-09 Xiaoran Xu , Songpeng Zu , Chengliang Gao , Yuan Zhang , Wei Feng

Recent studies have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve strong reasoning performance by incorporating functional symbolic representations that abstractly describe graph traversal algorithms and step-by-step reasoning in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Phuong Minh Nguyen , Tien Huu Dang , Naoya Inoue

Large language models (LLMs) have shown increasing in-context learning capabilities through scaling up model and data size. Despite this progress, LLMs are still unable to solve algorithmic reasoning problems. While providing a rationale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Hattie Zhou , Azade Nova , Hugo Larochelle , Aaron Courville , Behnam Neyshabur , Hanie Sedghi

In recent years, knowledge graph embeddings have achieved great success. Many methods have been proposed and achieved state-of-the-art results in various tasks. However, most of the current methods present one or more of the following…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Yuhe Bai

Recently Graph Neural Network (GNN) has been applied successfully to various NLP tasks that require reasoning, such as multi-hop machine reading comprehension. In this paper, we consider a novel case where reasoning is needed over graphs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Ming Tu , Jing Huang , Xiaodong He , Bowen Zhou

This paper examines the capacity of LLMs to reason with knowledge graphs using their internal knowledge graph, i.e., the knowledge graph they learned during pre-training. Two research questions are formulated to investigate the accuracy of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Pei-Chi Lo , Yi-Hang Tsai , Ee-Peng Lim , San-Yih Hwang

When an autonomous robot learns how to execute actions, it is of interest to know if and when the execution policy can be generalised to variations of the learning scenarios. This can inform the robot about the necessity of additional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Alex Mitrevski , Paul G. Plöger , Gerhard Lakemeyer

Path finding in graphs is one of the most studied classes of problems in computer science. In this context, search algorithms are often extended with heuristics for a more efficient search of target nodes. In this work we combine recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Danilo Numeroso , Davide Bacciu , Petar Veličković

Training with backpropagation (BP) in standard deep learning consists of two main steps: a forward pass that maps a data point to its prediction, and a backward pass that propagates the error of this prediction back through the network.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Tommaso Salvatori , Luca Pinchetti , Beren Millidge , Yuhang Song , Tianyi Bao , Rafal Bogacz , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Previous research has sought to enhance the graph reasoning capabilities of LLMs by supervised fine-tuning on synthetic graph data. While these led to specialized LLMs better at solving graph algorithm problems, we don't need LLMs for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yizhuo Zhang , Heng Wang , Shangbin Feng , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xinyun Liu , Yulia Tsvetkov

Long-horizon task planning is essential for the development of intelligent assistive and service robots. In this work, we investigate the applicability of a smaller class of large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-2, in robotic task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Georgia Chalvatzaki , Ali Younes , Daljeet Nandha , An Le , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Iryna Gurevych

Graphs have a superior ability to represent relational data, like chemical compounds, proteins, and social networks. Hence, graph-level learning, which takes a set of graphs as input, has been applied to many tasks including comparison,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Zhenyu Yang , Ge Zhang , Jia Wu , Jian Yang , Quan Z. Sheng , Shan Xue , Chuan Zhou , Charu Aggarwal , Hao Peng , Wenbin Hu , Edwin Hancock , Pietro Liò

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate great potential for problems with implicit graphical structures, while recent works seek to enhance the graph reasoning capabilities of LLMs through specialized instruction tuning. The resulting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Yizhuo Zhang , Heng Wang , Shangbin Feng , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xiaochuang Han , Tianxing He , Yulia Tsvetkov

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable strides in reasoning tasks, yet their performance often falters on novel and complex problems. Domain-specific continued pretraining (CPT) methods, such as those tailored for mathematical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Qifan Zhang , Nuo Chen , Zehua Li , Miao Peng , Jing Tang , Jia Li

Recent work on neural algorithmic reasoning has investigated the reasoning capabilities of neural networks, effectively demonstrating they can learn to execute classical algorithms on unseen data coming from the train distribution. However,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved great success in various reasoning tasks. In this work, we focus on the graph reasoning ability of LLMs. Although theoretical studies proved that LLMs are capable of handling graph reasoning tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Xinnan Dai , Qihao Wen , Yifei Shen , Hongzhi Wen , Dongsheng Li , Jiliang Tang , Caihua Shan

Recent advances in neural algorithmic reasoning with graph neural networks (GNNs) are propped up by the notion of algorithmic alignment. Broadly, a neural network will be better at learning to execute a reasoning task (in terms of sample…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Andrew Dudzik , Petar Veličković