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The last decade witnessed increasingly rapid progress in self-driving vehicle technology, mainly backed up by advances in the area of deep learning and artificial intelligence. The objective of this paper is to survey the current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Sorin Grigorescu , Bogdan Trasnea , Tiberiu Cocias , Gigel Macesanu

This comprehensive survey examines the integration of knowledge-based approaches in autonomous driving systems, specifically focusing on trajectory prediction and planning. We extensively analyze various methodologies for incorporating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kumar Manas , Adrian Paschke

The way to full autonomy of public road vehicles requires the step-by-step replacement of the human driver, with the ultimate goal of replacing the driver completely. Eventually, the driving software has to be able to handle all situations…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-21 Leonhard Hermansdorfer , Johannes Betz , Markus Lienkamp

Modern autonomous driving algorithms often rely on learning the mapping from visual inputs to steering actions from human driving data in a variety of scenarios and visual scenes. The required data collection is not only labor intensive,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-20 Sascha Hornauer , Karl Zipser , Stella X. Yu

Perception-driven approach and end-to-end system are two major vision-based frameworks for self-driving cars. However, it is difficult to introduce attention and historical information of autonomous driving process, which are the essential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Shitao Chen , Songyi Zhang , Jinghao Shang , Badong Chen , Nanning Zheng

We demonstrate the need and potential of systematically integrated vision and semantics} solutions for visual sensemaking (in the backdrop of autonomous driving). A general method for online visual sensemaking using answer set programming…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Jakob Suchan , Mehul Bhatt , Srikrishna Varadarajan

In this paper, we explore the potential of using a large language model (LLM) to understand the driving environment in a human-like manner and analyze its ability to reason, interpret, and memorize when facing complex scenarios. We argue…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Daocheng Fu , Xin Li , Licheng Wen , Min Dou , Pinlong Cai , Botian Shi , Yu Qiao

This paper mainly focuses on environment perception in snowy situations which forms the backbone of the autonomous driving technology. For the purpose, semantic segmentation is employed to classify the objects while the vehicle is driven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Zhaoyu Pan , Takanori Emaru , Ankit Ravankar , Yukinori Kobayashi

Designing a controller for autonomous vehicles capable of providing adequate performance in all driving scenarios is challenging due to the highly complex environment and inability to test the system in the wide variety of scenarios which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Sampo Kuutti , Richard Bowden , Yaochu Jin , Phil Barber , Saber Fallah

Shared control allows the human driver to collaborate with an assistive driving system while retaining the ability to make decisions and take control if necessary. However, human-vehicle teaming and planning are challenging due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yuhan Zhao , Quanyan Zhu

Commonsense norms are defeasible by context: reading books is usually great, but not when driving a car. While contexts can be explicitly described in language, in embodied scenarios, contexts are often provided visually. This type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Seungju Han , Junhyeok Kim , Jack Hessel , Liwei Jiang , Jiwan Chung , Yejin Son , Yejin Choi , Youngjae Yu

Autonomous driving technology is progressing rapidly, largely due to complex End To End systems based on deep neural networks. While these systems are effective, their complexity can make it difficult to understand their behavior, raising…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Iqra Aslam , Igor Anpilogov , Andreas Rausch

Developing safe autonomous driving systems is a major scientific and technical challenge. Existing AI-based end-to-end solutions do not offer the necessary safety guarantees, while traditional systems engineering approaches are defeated by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Marius Bozga , Joseph Sifakis

Commonsense reasoning has long been considered as one of the holy grails of artificial intelligence. Most of the recent progress in the field has been achieved by novel machine learning algorithms for natural language processing. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Tanel Tammet

Automated driving systems are subject to various kinds of uncertainty during design, development, and operation. These kinds of uncertainty lead to an inherent risk of the technology that can be mitigated, but never fully eliminated.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Robert Graubohm , Nayel Fabian Salem , Marcus Nolte , Markus Maurer

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention for their ability to understand text and images, generate human-like text, and perform complex reasoning tasks. However, their ability to generalize this advanced reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Mehdi Azarafza , Mojtaba Nayyeri , Charles Steinmetz , Steffen Staab , Achim Rettberg

For widespread deployment in domains characterized by partial observability, non-deterministic actions and unforeseen changes, robots need to adapt sensing, processing and interaction with humans to the tasks at hand. While robots typically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-08-05 Shiqi Zhang , Mohan Sridharan

In a supervisory control system the human agent knowledge of past, current, and future system behavior is critical for system performance. Being able to reason about that knowledge in a precise and structured manner is central to effective…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Yoram Moses , Marcia K. Shamo

In many real-world decision making problems, reaching an optimal decision requires taking into account a variable number of objects around the agent. Autonomous driving is a domain in which this is especially relevant, since the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Maria Hügle , Gabriel Kalweit , Branka Mirchevska , Moritz Werling , Joschka Boedecker

A larger number of people with heterogeneous knowledge and skills running a project together needs an adaptable, target, and skill-specific engineering process. This especially holds for a project to develop a highly innovative,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-09-24 Christian Berger , Bernhard Rumpe