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Periodic activation functions, often referred to as learned Fourier features have been widely demonstrated to improve sample efficiency and stability in a variety of deep RL algorithms. Potentially incompatible hypotheses have been made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Augustine N. Mavor-Parker , Matthew J. Sargent , Caswell Barry , Lewis Griffin , Clare Lyle

Gaussian Processes (GPs) provide a convenient framework for specifying function-space priors, making them a natural choice for modeling uncertainty. In contrast, Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) offer greater scalability and extendability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Marcin Sendera , Amin Sorkhei , Tomasz Kuśmierczyk

Previous literature offers limited clues on how to learn a periodic function using modern neural networks. We start with a study of the extrapolation properties of neural networks; we prove and demonstrate experimentally that the standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Liu Ziyin , Tilman Hartwig , Masahito Ueda

We introduce a new family of non-linear neural network activation functions that mimic the properties induced by the widely-used Mat\'ern family of kernels in Gaussian process (GP) models. This class spans a range of locally stationary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Lassi Meronen , Christabella Irwanto , Arno Solin

Function-space priors in Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) provide a more intuitive approach to embedding beliefs directly into the model's output, thereby enhancing regularization, uncertainty quantification, and risk-aware decision-making.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Marcin Sendera , Amin Sorkhei , Tomasz Kuśmierczyk

Bayesian neural networks provide a direct and natural way to extend standard deep neural networks to support probabilistic deep learning through the use of probabilistic layers that, traditionally, encode weight (and bias) uncertainty. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Daniel T. Chang

While Bayesian neural networks have many appealing characteristics, current priors do not easily allow users to specify basic properties such as expected lengthscale or amplitude variance. In this work, we introduce Poisson Process Radial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Beau Coker , Melanie F. Pradier , Finale Doshi-Velez

We propose stochastic, non-parametric activation functions that are fully learnable and individual to each neuron. Complexity and the risk of overfitting are controlled by placing a Gaussian process prior over these functions. The result is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-12-01 Sebastian Urban , Marcus Basalla , Patrick van der Smagt

The activation function deployed in a deep neural network has great influence on the performance of the network at initialisation, which in turn has implications for training. In this paper we study how to avoid two problems at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Michael Murray , Vinayak Abrol , Jared Tanner

Activation functions shape the outputs of artificial neurons and, therefore, are integral parts of neural networks in general and deep learning in particular. Some activation functions, such as logistic and relu, have been used for many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Johannes Lederer

Implicitly defined, continuous, differentiable signal representations parameterized by neural networks have emerged as a powerful paradigm, offering many possible benefits over conventional representations. However, current network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Vincent Sitzmann , Julien N. P. Martel , Alexander W. Bergman , David B. Lindell , Gordon Wetzstein

The training process of neural networks usually optimize weights and bias parameters of linear transformations, while nonlinear activation functions are pre-specified and fixed. This work develops a systematic approach to constructing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zhengqi Liu , Shuhao Cao , Yuwen Li , Ludmil Zikatanov

Activation functions critically influence trainability and expressivity, and recent work has therefore explored a broad range of nonlinearities. However, widely used Gaussian i.i.d. initializations are designed to preserve activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Hyunwoo Lee , Hayoung Choi , Hyunju Kim

A pivotal aspect in the design of neural networks lies in selecting activation functions, crucial for introducing nonlinear structures that capture intricate input-output patterns. While the effectiveness of adaptive or trainable activation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Farhad Pourkamali-Anaraki , Tahamina Nasrin , Robert E. Jensen , Amy M. Peterson , Christopher J. Hansen

The performance of deep network learning strongly depends on the choice of the non-linear activation function associated with each neuron. However, deciding on the best activation is non-trivial, and the choice depends on the architecture,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Alejandro Molina , Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting

Bayesian Networks may be appealing for clinical decision-making due to their inclusion of causal knowledge, but their practical adoption remains limited as a result of their inability to deal with unstructured data. While neural networks do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Paloma Rabaey , Cedric De Boom , Thomas Demeester

Multivariate functional data arise in a wide range of applications. One fundamental task is to understand the causal relationships among these functional objects of interest, which has not yet been fully explored. In this article, we…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-25 Fangting Zhou , Kejun He , Kunbo Wang , Yanxun Xu , Yang Ni

Reliable predictive uncertainty estimation plays an important role in enabling the deployment of neural networks to safety-critical settings. A popular approach for estimating the predictive uncertainty of neural networks is to define a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-29 Tim G. J. Rudner , Zonghao Chen , Yee Whye Teh , Yarin Gal

Activation functions play a key role in neural networks so it becomes fundamental to understand their advantages and disadvantages in order to achieve better performances. This paper will first introduce common types of non linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-10 Dabal Pedamonti

Probabilistic neural networks are typically modeled with independent weight priors, which do not capture weight correlations in the prior and do not provide a parsimonious interface to express properties in function space. A desirable class…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-12 Theofanis Karaletsos , Thang D. Bui
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