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Large transformer models, trained on diverse datasets, have demonstrated impressive few-shot performance on previously unseen tasks without requiring parameter updates. This capability has also been explored in Reinforcement Learning (RL),…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Tao Jiang , Zichuan Lin , Lihe Li , Yi-Chen Li , Cong Guan , Lei Yuan , Zongzhang Zhang , Yang Yu , Deheng Ye

Model-free reinforcement learning algorithms have exhibited great potential in solving single-task sequential decision-making problems with high-dimensional observations and long horizons, but are known to be hard to generalize across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Boyuan Chen , Chuning Zhu , Pulkit Agrawal , Kaiqing Zhang , Abhishek Gupta

Pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models represent a major leap towards general-purpose robots, yet efficiently adapting them to novel, specific tasks in-situ remains a significant hurdle. While reinforcement learning (RL) is a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Baicheng Li , Dong Wu , Zike Yan , Xinchen Liu , Lusong Li , Zecui Zeng , Hongbin Zha

This paper proposes an exploration-efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning with Reference policy (DRLR) framework for learning robotics tasks that incorporates demonstrations. The DRLR framework is developed based on an algorithm called…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chengyandan Shen , Christoffer Sloth

Meta-reinforcement learning algorithms can enable robots to acquire new skills much more quickly, by leveraging prior experience to learn how to learn. However, much of the current research on meta-reinforcement learning focuses on task…

In this paper, we leverage ideas from model-based control to address the sample efficiency problem of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms. Accelerating learning is an active field of RL highly relevant in the context of time-varying…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-23 Ibrahim Ahmed , Marcos Quinones-Grueiro , Gautam Biswas

One of the key behavioral characteristics used in neuroscience to determine whether the subject of study -- be it a rodent or a human -- exhibits model-based learning is effective adaptation to local changes in the environment, a particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Ali Rahimi-Kalahroudi , Janarthanan Rajendran , Ida Momennejad , Harm van Seijen , Sarath Chandar

A significant challenge for the practical application of reinforcement learning in the real world is the need to specify an oracle reward function that correctly defines a task. Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) seeks to avoid this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-16 Kelvin Xu , Ellis Ratner , Anca Dragan , Sergey Levine , Chelsea Finn

Much of model-based reinforcement learning involves learning a model of an agent's world, and training an agent to leverage this model to perform a task more efficiently. While these models are demonstrably useful for agents, every…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-01 C. Daniel Freeman , Luke Metz , David Ha

In this paper, we study the cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) problems using Reward Machines (RMs) to specify the reward functions such that the prior knowledge of high-level events in a task can be leveraged to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xuejing Zheng , Chao Yu

Recent research on Reasoning of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sought to further enhance their performance by integrating meta-thinking -- enabling models to monitor, evaluate, and control their reasoning processes for more adaptive and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Ziyu Wan , Yunxiang Li , Xiaoyu Wen , Yan Song , Hanjing Wang , Linyi Yang , Mark Schmidt , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang , Shuyue Hu , Ying Wen

Meta-World is widely used for evaluating multi-task and meta-reinforcement learning agents, which are challenged to master diverse skills simultaneously. Since its introduction however, there have been numerous undocumented changes which…

Recent approaches have utilized self-supervised auxiliary tasks as representation learning to improve the performance and sample efficiency of vision-based reinforcement learning algorithms in single-agent settings. However, in multi-agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Haolin Song , Mingxiao Feng , Wengang Zhou , Houqiang Li

A critical bottleneck in deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is sample inefficiency, as training high-performance agents often demands extensive environmental interactions. Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) mitigates this by building…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Boxuan Zhang , Runqing Wang , Wei Xiao , Weipu Zhang , Jian Sun , Gao Huang , Jie Chen , Gang Wang

Only limited studies and superficial evaluations are available on agents' behaviors and roles within a Multi-Agent System (MAS). We simulate a MAS using Reinforcement Learning (RL) in a pursuit-evasion (a.k.a predator-prey pursuit) game,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Piyush K. Sharma , Erin Zaroukian , Derrik E. Asher , Bryson Howell

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has been successful in various domains like robotics, game playing, and simulation. While RL agents have shown impressive capabilities in their specific tasks, they insufficiently adapt to new tasks. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Thomas Schmied , Markus Hofmarcher , Fabian Paischer , Razvan Pascanu , Sepp Hochreiter

In this paper, we introduce an alternative approach to enhancing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) through the integration of domain knowledge and attention-based policy mechanisms. Our methodology focuses on the incorporation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Andre R Kuroswiski , Annie S Wu , Angelo Passaro

As power systems are undergoing a significant transformation with more uncertainties, less inertia and closer to operation limits, there is increasing risk of large outages. Thus, there is an imperative need to enhance grid emergency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Renke Huang , Yujiao Chen , Tianzhixi Yin , Qiuhua Huang , Jie Tan , Wenhao Yu , Xinya Li , Ang Li , Yan Du

Significant advances have recently been achieved in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) which tackles sequential decision-making problems involving multiple participants. However, MARL requires a tremendous number of samples for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Xihuai Wang , Zhicheng Zhang , Weinan Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is central to post-training, particularly for agentic models that require specialized reasoning behaviors. In this setting, model merging offers a practical mechanism for integrating multiple RL-trained agents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xiangchi Yuan , Dachuan Shi , Chunhui Zhang , Zheyuan Liu , Shenglong Yao , Soroush Vosoughi , Wenke Lee
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