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Dissipative collective effects are ubiquitous in quantum physics, and their relevance ranges from the study of entanglement in biological systems to noise mitigation in quantum computers. Here, we put forward the first fully quantum…

With gate error rates in multiple technologies now below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, the major remaining obstacle to useful quantum computation is scaling, a challenge greatly amplified by the huge…

Scalable quantum technologies will present challenges for characterizing and tuning quantum devices. This is a time-consuming activity, and as the size of quantum systems increases, this task will become intractable without the aid of…

Accurately estimating expectation values of quantum observables with as few measurements as possible is crucial to many quantum computing applications. We introduce a framework that covers many of existing measurement strategies and…

Quantum information processing offers promising advances for a wide range of fields and applications, provided that we can efficiently assess the performance of the control applied in candidate systems. That is, we must be able to determine…

We provide a simple prescription to extract an effective Pauli noise model from classical simulations of a noisy experimental protocol for a unitary gate. This prescription yields the closest Pauli channel approximation to the error channel…

The accurate implementation of quantum gates is essential for the realisation of quantum algorithms and digital quantum simulations. This accuracy may be increased on noisy hardware through the variational optimisation of gates, however the…

Typical quantum gate tomography protocols struggle with a self-consistency problem: the gate operation cannot be reconstructed without knowledge of the initial state and final measurement, but such knowledge cannot be obtained without…

Characterization of quantum devices generates insights into their sources of disturbances. State-of-the-art characterization protocols often focus on incoherent noise and eliminate coherent errors when using Pauli or Clifford twirling…

A central challenge in the verification of quantum computers is benchmarking their performance as a whole and demonstrating their computational capabilities. In this work, we find a universal model of quantum computation, Bell sampling,…

Quantum computing holds potential for accelerating the simulation of fluid dynamics. However, hardware noise in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era significantly distorts simulation accuracy. Although error magnitudes are frequently…

We propose a method for applying the quantum error-correction method for errors that occur during quantum gates. Using a perturbation treatment of the noise that allows us to separate it from the ideal evolution of the quantum gate, we…

Randomized benchmarking is a promising tool for characterizing the noise in experimental implementations of quantum systems. In this paper, we prove that the estimates produced by randomized benchmarking (both standard and interleaved) for…

The classical shadow estimation protocol is a noise-resilient and sample-efficient quantum algorithm for learning the properties of quantum systems. Its performance depends on the choice of a unitary ensemble, which must be chosen by a user…

Quantum process tomography (QPT) plays a central role in characterizing quantum gates and circuits, diagnosing quantum devices, calibrating hardware, and supporting quantum error correction. However, conventional QPT methods face challenges…

Quantum computers provide a fundamentally new computing paradigm that promises to revolutionize our ability to solve broad classes of problems. Surprisingly, the basic mathematical structures of gate-based quantum computing, such as unitary…

Gate set tomography (GST) provides precise, self-consistent estimates of the noise channels for all of a quantum processor's logic gates. But GST experiments are large, involving many distinct quantum circuits. This has prevented their use…

In its many variants, randomized benchmarking (RB) is a broadly used technique for assessing the quality of gate implementations on quantum computers. A detailed theoretical understanding and general guarantees exist for the functioning and…

Current quantum programs are mostly synthesized and compiled on the gate-level, where quantum circuits are composed of quantum gates. The gate-level workflow, however, introduces significant redundancy when quantum gates are eventually…

Variational quantum circuits characterise the state of a quantum system through the use of parameters that are optimised using classical optimisation procedures that typically rely on gradient information. The circuit-execution complexity…