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In the recent years, retrieval analysis of exoplanet atmospheres have been very successful, providing deep insights on the composition and the temperature structure of these worlds via the transit and eclipse methods. Analysis of spectral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-12 Quentin Changeat , Ahmed F. Al-Refaie

The determination of atmospheric structure and molecular abundances of planetary atmospheres via spectroscopy involves direct comparisons between models and data. While varying in sophistication, most model-spectra comparisons fundamentally…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-09-28 Y. Katherina Feng , Michael R. Line , Jonathan J. Fortney , Kevin B. Stevenson , Jacob Bean , Laura Kreidberg , Vivien Parmentier

This paper describes the Habitable Energy balance model for eXoplaneT ObseRvations (HEXTOR), which is a model for calculating latitudinal temperature profiles on Earth and other rapidly rotating planets. HEXTOR includes a lookup table…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-07 Jacob Haqq-Misra , Benjamin P. C. Hayworth

Small rocky planets, as well as larger planets that suffered extensive volatile loss, tend to be drier and have thinner atmospheres as compared to Earth. Such planets probably outnumber worlds better endowed with volatiles, being the most…

With observational efforts moving from the discovery into the characterisation mode, systematic campaigns that cover large ranges of global stellar and planetary parameters will be needed. We aim to uncover cloud formation trends and…

A planet's surface conditions can significantly impact its climate and habitability. In this study, we use the 3D general circulation model ExoPlaSim to systematically vary dayside land cover on a synchronously rotating, temperate rocky…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 Evelyn Macdonald , Adiv Paradise , Kristen Menou , Christopher Lee

Planetary climates are strongly affected by planetary orbital parameters such as obliquity, eccentricity, and precession. In exoplanetary systems, exo-terrestrial planets should have various obliquities. High-obliquity planets would have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-30 Takanori Kodama , Daisuke Takasuka , Sam Sherriff-Tadano , Takeshi Kuroda , Tomoki Miyakawa , Ayako Abe-Ouchi , Masaki Satoh

[Abridged] A key hypothesis in the field of exoplanet atmospheres is the trend of atmospheric thermal structure with planetary equilibrium temperature. We explore this trend and report here the first statistical detection of a transition in…

We present a uniform assessment of existing near-infrared Spitzer Space Telescope observations of planet-bearing stars. Using a simple four-parameter blackbody thermal model, we analyze stars for which photometry in at least one of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-11 Arthur D. Adams , Gregory Laughlin

We develop an inversion technique of annual scattered light curves to sketch a two-dimensional albedo map of exoplanets in face-on orbits. As a test-bed for future observations of extrasolar terrestrial planets, we apply this mapping…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-09-16 Hajime Kawahara , Yuka Fujii

The recent discoveries of terrestrial exoplanets and super-Earths extending over a broad range of orbital and physical parameters suggest that these planets will span a wide range of climatic regimes. Characterization of the atmospheres of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-15 Yohai Kaspi , Adam P. Showman

In the quest to understand the climates and atmospheres of exoplanets, 3D global climate models (GCMs) have become indispensable. The ability of GCMs to predict atmospheric conditions complements exoplanet observations, creating a feedback…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-15 Thomas J. Fauchez , Geronimo L. Villanueva , Vincent Kofman , Gabriella Suissa , Ravi K. Kopparapu

Due to their high equilibrium temperatures ($T_{eq}$ $>$ 2000 K), ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) are the best characterized exoplanets to date. However, many questions about their formation, evolution, and atmospheres remain unanswered. Phase…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-22 Kaz Gary , Ji Wang , Anusha Pai Asnodkar , Ian Wong

Exoplanet atmospheric retrieval is a computational technique widely used to infer properties of planetary atmospheres from remote spectroscopic observations. Retrieval codes typically employ Bayesian sampling algorithms or machine learning…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-24 Ryan J. MacDonald , Natasha E. Batalha

Global temperatures in Jupiter's upper atmosphere are poorly constrained. Other than an in situ measurement by the Galileo Probe, all temperature data come from remote sensing methods which primarily rely on emissions from H$_3^+$, the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-26 Kate Roberts , Luke Moore , James O'Donoghue , Henrik Melin , Tom Stallard , Katie L. Knowles , Carl Schmidt , Paola I. Tiranti

The recent detections of temperate terrestrial planets orbiting nearby stars and the promise of characterizing their atmospheres motivates a need to understand how the diversity of possible planetary parameters affects the climate of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-13 Thaddeus D. Komacek , Dorian S. Abbot

In anticipation of future flagship missions focused on the goal of achieving direct imaging of rocky exoplanets, we have developed a database of models to help the community examine the potential spectral characteristics of a broad range of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-21 Adam J. R. W. Smith , Avi M Mandell , Geronimo L Villanueva , Michael Dane Moore

Polarimetry of extrasolar planets becomes a new tool for their investigation, which requires the development of diagnostic techniques and parameter case studies. Our goal is to develop a theoretical model which can be applied to interpret…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 D. M. Fluri , S. V. Berdyugina

The Milky Way Galaxy is literally teeming with exoplanets; thousands of planets have been discovered, with thousands more planet candidates identified. Terrestrial-like planets are quite common around other stars, and are expected to be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-15 A. Petralia , E. Alei , G. Aresu , D. Locci , C. Cecchi-Pestellini , G. Micela , R. Claudi , A. Ciaravella

We present a new rough-surface thermophysical model (Advanced Thermophysical Model or ATPM) that describes the observed directional thermal emission from any atmosphereless planetary surface. It explicitly incorporates partial shadowing,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-09 Ben Rozitis , Simon F. Green
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