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Automatic differentiation plays a prominent role in scientific computing and in modern machine learning, often in the context of powerful programming systems. The relation of the various embodiments of automatic differentiation to the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Martin Abadi , Gordon D. Plotkin

Automatic differentiation (AD) is a set of techniques that systematically applies the chain rule to compute the gradients of functions without requiring human intervention. Although the fundamentals of this technology were established…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Afif Boudaoud , Alexandru Calotoiu , Marcin Copik , Torsten Hoefler

QC Lab is an open-source Python package for QC dynamics simulations aimed to promote the development of QC algorithms, and their application to a wide variety of relevant model problems. It follows a modular design that facilitates…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Alex Krotz , Ethan Byrd , Ken Miyazaki , Roel Tempelaar

The emergence of variational quantum applications has led to the development of automatic differentiation techniques in quantum computing. Recently, Zhu et al. (PLDI 2020) have formulated differentiable quantum programming with bounded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-10 Wang Fang , Mingsheng Ying , Xiaodi Wu

A computational revolution unleashed the power of artificial neural networks. At the heart of that revolution is automatic differentiation, which calculates the derivative of a performance measure relative to a large number of parameters.…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-27 Steven A. Frank

Optimal control is highly desirable in many current quantum systems, especially to realize tasks in quantum information processing. We introduce a method based on differentiable programming to leverage explicit knowledge of the differential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-04 Frank Schäfer , Michal Kloc , Christoph Bruder , Niels Lörch

Constructing quantum circuits for efficient state preparation belongs to the central topics in the field of quantum information and computation. As the number of qubits grows fast, methods to derive large-scale quantum circuits are strongly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Peng-Fei Zhou , Rui Hong , Shi-Ju Ran

In recent years, interest in quantum computing has increased due to technological advances in quantum hardware and algorithms. Despite the promises of quantum advantage, the applicability of quantum devices has been limited to few qubits on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Grier M. Jones , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Automatic differentiation is involved for long in applied mathematics as an alternative to finite difference to improve the accuracy of numerical computation of derivatives. Each time a numerical minimization is involved, automatic…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-06-08 Sébastien Geeraert , Charles-Albert Lehalle , Barak Pearlmutter , Olivier Pironneau , Adil Reghai

The next generation of distributed quantum processors combines single-location quantum computing and quantum networking techniques to permit large entangled qubit groups to be established through remote processors, and quantum algorithms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Le Chang , Saitej Yavvari , Rance Cleaveland , Samik Basu , Runzhou Tao , Liyi Li

Quantum Computing is believed to be the ultimate solution for quantum chemistry problems. Before the advent of large-scale, fully fault-tolerant quantum computers, the variational quantum eigensolver~(VQE) is a promising heuristic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Chu Guo , Yi Fan , Zhiqian Xu , Honghui Shang

This work describes the theoretical foundation for all quantum chemistry functionality in PennyLane, a quantum computing software library specializing in quantum differentiable programming. We provide an overview of fundamental concepts in…

The auto differentiable simulation is a type of simulation that outputs of the simulation include not only the simulation result itself, but also their derivatives with respect to various input parameters. It provides an efficient method to…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Ji Qianga , Yue Hao , Allen Qiang , Jinyu Wan

The differentiable programming paradigm is a cornerstone of modern scientific computing. It refers to numerical methods for computing the gradient of a numerical model's output. Many scientific models are based on differential equations,…

Automatic differentiation---the mechanical transformation of numeric computer programs to calculate derivatives efficiently and accurately---dates to the origin of the computer age. Reverse mode automatic differentiation both antedates and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-30 Atilim Gunes Baydin , Barak A. Pearlmutter

We use the benefits and components of classical computers every day. However, there are many types of problems which, as they grow in size, their computational complexity grows larger than classical computers will ever be able to solve.…

Differentiable programming has facilitated numerous methodological advances in scientific computing. Physics engines supporting automatic differentiation have simpler code, accelerating the development process and reducing the maintenance…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-04-04 Chuin Wei Tan , Chris J. Pickard , William C. Witt

Differentiable optimization has attracted significant research interest, particularly for quadratic programming (QP). Existing approaches for differentiating the solution of a QP with respect to its defining parameters often rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Connor W. Magoon , Fengyu Yang , Noam Aigerman , Shahar Z. Kovalsky

Quantum computational chemistry (QCC) is the use of quantum computers to solve problems in computational quantum chemistry. We develop a high performance variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) simulator for simulating quantum computational…

Quantum chemistry calculations such as the prediction of molecular properties and modeling of chemical reactions are a few of the critical areas where near-term quantum computers can showcase quantum advantage. We present a method to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Utkarsh Azad , Harjinder Singh