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The minimization of the loss function is of paramount importance in deep neural networks. On the other hand, many popular optimization algorithms have been shown to correspond to some evolution equation of gradient flow type. Inspired by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Imen Ayadi , Gabriel Turinici

We introduce a clipping strategy for Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) which uses quantiles of the gradient norm as clipping thresholds. We prove that this new strategy provides a robust and efficient optimization algorithm for smooth…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-15 Ibrahim Merad , Stéphane Gaïffas

Dual averaging and gradient descent with their stochastic variants stand as the two canonical recipe books for first-order optimization: Every modern variant can be viewed as a descendant of one or the other. In the convex regime, these…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Tuo Liu , El Mehdi Saad , Wojciech Kotłowski , Francesco Orabona

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method is popular for solving non-convex optimization problems in machine learning. This work investigates SGD from a viewpoint of graduated optimization, which is a widely applied approach for non-convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Da Li , Jingjing Wu , Qingrun Zhang

Stochastic gradient descent without replacement sampling is widely used in practice for model training. However, the vast majority of SGD analyses assumes data is sampled with replacement, and when the function minimized is strongly convex,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Shashank Rajput , Anant Gupta , Dimitris Papailiopoulos

This paper proposes a novel approach to adaptive step sizes in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) by utilizing quantities that we have identified as numerically traceable -- the Lipschitz constant for gradients and a concept of the local…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-19 Frederik Köhne , Leonie Kreis , Anton Schiela , Roland Herzog

Motivated by the problem of online canonical correlation analysis, we propose the \emph{Stochastic Scaled-Gradient Descent} (SSGD) algorithm for minimizing the expectation of a stochastic function over a generic Riemannian manifold. SSGD…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-25 Chris Junchi Li , Michael I. Jordan

Motivated by neural network training in finite-precision arithmetic environments, this work studies the convergence of perturbed iterate SGD using adaptive step sizes in an environment with numerical error. Considering a general stochastic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Michael R. Metel

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been found to be surprisingly effective in training a variety of deep neural networks. However, there is still a lack of understanding on how and why SGD can train these complex networks towards a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Yi Zhou , Junjie Yang , Huishuai Zhang , Yingbin Liang , Vahid Tarokh

In this paper we analyze the behaviour of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a widely used method in supervised learning for optimizing neural network weights via a minimization of non-convex loss functions. Since the pioneering work of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Davide Barbieri , Matteo Bonforte , Peio Ibarrondo

Minimax optimal convergence rates for classes of stochastic convex optimization problems are well characterized, where the majority of results utilize iterate averaged stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with polynomially decaying step sizes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Rong Ge , Sham M. Kakade , Rahul Kidambi , Praneeth Netrapalli

Adaptive gradient methods have attracted much attention of machine learning communities due to the high efficiency. However their acceleration effect in practice, especially in neural network training, is hard to analyze, theoretically. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-15 Xunpeng Huang , Hao Zhou , Runxin Xu , Zhe Wang , Lei Li

We study the convergence of accelerated stochastic gradient descent for strongly convex objectives under the growth condition, which states that the variance of stochastic gradient is bounded by a multiplicative part that grows with the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-01 You-Lin Chen , Sen Na , Mladen Kolar

We prove that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) finds a solution that achieves $(1-\epsilon)$ classification accuracy on the entire dataset. We do so under two main assumptions: (1. Local progress) The model accuracy improves on average…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Gregory Schwartzman

While Nesterov's Accelerated Gradient Descent (AGD) efficiently solves constrained problems when the constraint set $X \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$ is simple and easy to project onto, it remains an open question whether function-constrained…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Zhe Zhang , Guanghui Lan

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the workhorse algorithm of deep learning technology. At each step of the training phase, a mini batch of samples is drawn from the training dataset and the weights of the neural network are adjusted…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-09-07 Francesca Mignacco , Pierfrancesco Urbani

An increasing number of machine learning problems, such as robust or adversarial variants of existing algorithms, require minimizing a loss function that is itself defined as a maximum. Carrying a loop of stochastic gradient ascent (SGA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Othmane Sebbouh , Marco Cuturi , Gabriel Peyré

We study high-probability convergence guarantees of learning on streaming data in the presence of heavy-tailed noise. In the proposed scenario, the model is updated in an online fashion, as new information is observed, without storing any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Aleksandar Armacki , Pranay Sharma , Gauri Joshi , Dragana Bajovic , Dusan Jakovetic , Soummya Kar

We present a theoretical analysis of some popular adaptive Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) methods in the small learning rate regime. Using the stochastic modified equations framework introduced by Li et al., we derive effective…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-29 Luca Callisti , Marco Romito , Francesco Triggiano

In this paper, we propose a proximal stochasitc gradient algorithm (PSGA) for solving composite optimization problems by incorporating variance reduction techniques and an adaptive step-size strategy. In the PSGA method, the objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Changjie Fang , Hao Yang , Shenglan Chen