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User behavior prediction at scale remains a critical challenge for online B2C platforms. Traditional approaches rely heavily on task-specific models and domain-specific feature engineering. This is time-consuming, computationally expensive,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Dhruv Nigam , Naman Agarwal , Krishna Murthy , Susmit Saha

The Random Utility Model (RUM) is the gold standard in describing the behavior of a population of consumers. The RUM operates under the assumption of transitivity in consumers' preference relationships, but the empirical literature has…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-06-21 Wilfried Youmbi

User representation learning is vital to capture diverse user preferences, while it is also challenging as user intents are latent and scattered among complex and different modalities of user-generated data, thus, not directly measurable.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Lin Gong , Lu Lin , Weihao Song , Hongning Wang

This paper presents the Customer Experience (CX) Simulator, a novel framework designed to assess the effects of untested web-marketing campaigns through user behavior simulations. The proposed framework leverages large language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Akira Kasuga , Ryo Yonetani

Human daily behavior unfolds as complex sequences shaped by intentions, preferences, and context. Effectively modeling these behaviors is crucial for intelligent systems such as personal assistants and recommendation engines. While recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Fanjin Meng , Jingtao Ding , Nian Li , Yizhou Sun , Yong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention in Recommendation Systems (RS) due to their extensive world knowledge and robust reasoning capabilities. However, a critical challenge lies in enabling LLMs to effectively…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yu Xia , Rui Zhong , Hao Gu , Wei Yang , Chi Lu , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

User representation is essential for providing high-quality commercial services in industry. Universal user representation has received many interests recently, with which we can be free from the cumbersome work of training a specific model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Qinghui Sun , Jie Gu , Bei Yang , XiaoXiao Xu , Renjun Xu , Shangde Gao , Hong Liu , Huan Xu

Content-based recommendation systems play a crucial role in delivering personalized content to users in the digital world. In this work, we introduce EmbSum, a novel framework that enables offline pre-computations of users and candidate…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Chiyu Zhang , Yifei Sun , Minghao Wu , Jun Chen , Jie Lei , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , Rong Jin , Angli Liu , Ji Zhu , Sem Park , Ning Yao , Bo Long

With the evolution of large language models (LLMs), there is growing interest in leveraging their rich semantic understanding to enhance industrial recommendation systems (RecSys). Traditional RecSys relies on ID-based embeddings for user…

While generative recommendations (GR) possess strong sequential reasoning capabilities, they face significant challenges when processing extremely long user behavior sequences: the high computational cost forces practical sequence lengths…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yu Zhou , Chengcheng Guo , Kuo Cai , Ji Liu , Qiang Luo , Ruiming Tang , Han Li , Kun Gai , Guorui Zhou

User interface (UI) design goes beyond visuals to shape user experience (UX), underscoring the shift toward UI/UX as a unified concept. While recent studies have explored UI evaluation using Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jaehyun Jeon , Min Soo Kim , Jang Han Yoon , Sumin Shim , Yejin Choi , Hanbin Kim , Dae Hyun Kim , Youngjae Yu

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is a crucial task in recommendation systems, online searches, and advertising platforms, where accurately capturing users' real interests in content is essential for performance. However, existing methods…

Motivated by the remarkable progress of large language models (LLMs) in objective tasks like mathematics and coding, there is growing interest in their potential to simulate human behavior--a capability with profound implications for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yuxuan Lei , Tianfu Wang , Jianxun Lian , Zhengyu Hu , Defu Lian , Xing Xie

Large language models (LLMs) have shown that generative pretraining can distill vast world knowledge into compact token representations. While LLMs encapsulate extensive world knowledge, they remain limited in modeling the behavioral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Guilin Li , Yun Zhang , Xiuyuan Chen , Chengqi Li , Bo Wang , Linghe Kong , Wenjia Wang , Weiran Huang , Matthias Hwai Yong Tan

Learning user representations is a vital technique toward effective user modeling and personalized recommender systems. Existing approaches often derive an individual set of model parameters for each task by training on separate data.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Fajie Yuan , Guoxiao Zhang , Alexandros Karatzoglou , Joemon Jose , Beibei Kong , Yudong Li

With the rapid advancement of e-commerce, exploring general representations rather than task-specific ones has attracted increasing research attention. For product understanding, although existing discriminative dual-flow architectures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Daoze Zhang , Chenghan Fu , Zhanheng Nie , Jianyu Liu , Wanxian Guan , Yuan Gao , Jun Song , Pengjie Wang , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng

User behavior modeling is a key technique for recommender systems. However, most methods focus on head users with large-scale interactions and hence suffer from data sparsity issues. Several solutions integrate side information such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Lifang Deng , Jin Niu , Angulia Yang , Qidi Xu , Xiang Fu , Jiandong Zhang , Anxiang Zeng

This paper addresses the challenge of jointly modeling user intent diversity and behavioral uncertainty in recommender systems. A unified representation learning framework is proposed. The framework builds a multi-intent representation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Wei Xu , Jiasen Zheng , Junjiang Lin , Mingxuan Han , Junliang Du

Recommender systems have rapidly evolved and become integral to many online services. However, existing systems sometimes produce unstable and unsatisfactory recommendations that fail to align with users' fundamental and long-term…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Lijian Chen , Wei Yuan , Tong Chen , Xiangyu Zhao , Nguyen Quoc Viet Hung , Hongzhi Yin

Personalized systems rely on user representations to connect behavioral history with downstream recommendation applications. Existing methods typically employ either supervised latent user embeddings, which are effective for retrieval but…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zhaoxuan Tan , Xiang Zhai , Yan Zhu , Meng Jiang , Mohamed Hammad