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The emergence of exotic quantum phenomena in frustrated magnets is rapidly driving the development of quantum many-body physics, raising fundamental questions on the nature of quantum phase transitions. Here we unveil the behaviour of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-01-29 Wen-Yuan Liu , Shou-Shu Gong , Wei-Qiang Chen , Zheng-Cheng Gu

A quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an exotic insulating phase with emergent gauge fields and fractionalized excitations. However, the unambiguous demonstration of the existence of a QSL in a "non-engineered" microscopic model (or in any…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-10-01 Xun Cai , Zhaoyu Han , Zi-Xiang Li , Steven A. Kivelson , Hong Yao

We investigate the possibility of exotic phenomena, viz. quantum spin liquid (QSL) or deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP), in the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg model on the maple-leaf lattice, a geometrically frustrated system formed…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-01-18 Pratyay Ghosh

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are long-range entangled states of quantum magnets which lie beyond the Landau paradigm of classifying phases of matter via broken symmetries. A physical route to arriving at QSLs is via frustration-induced…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-09-20 Ciarán Hickey , Lukasz Cincio , Zlatko Papić , Arun Paramekanti

The existence of a quantum spin liquid (QSL) in which quantum fluctuations of spins are sufficiently strong to preclude spin ordering down to zero temperature was originally proposed theoretically more than 40 years ago, but its…

Quantum spin liquids (QSL) have generated considerable excitement as phases of matter with emergent gauge structures and fractionalized excitations. In this context, phase transitions out of QSLs have been widely discussed as Higgs…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-09-15 Hyeok-Jun Yang , Nic Shannon , SungBin Lee

Classical spin liquids (CSLs) are intriguing states of matter that do not exhibit long-range magnetic order and are characterized by an extensive ground-state degeneracy. Adding quantum fluctuations, which induce dynamics between these…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-02-12 Duyu Chen , Rhine Samajdar , Yang Jiao , Salvatore Torquato

Deconfined quantum critical points (DQCPs) have been proposed as a class of continuous quantum phase transitions occurring between two ordered phases with distinct symmetry-breaking patterns, beyond the conventional framework of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-04-23 Yi Cui , Rong Yu , Weiqiang Yu

Quantum Spin Liquids (QSLs) are phases of interacting spins that do not order even at the absolute zero temperature, making it impossible to characterize them by a local order parameter. In this article, we review the unique view provided…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-02-06 Tarun Grover , Yi Zhang , Ashvin Vishwanath

A glance at recent research on magnetism turns up a curious set of articles discussing, or claiming evidence for, a state of matter called a quantum spin liquid (QSL). These articles are notable in their invocation of exotic notions of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-10-31 T. Lancaster

The possible existence of a quantum spin liquid (QSL) phase, an exotic state of matter with long-range quantum entanglement and fractionalized excitations, in $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ has sparked widespread interests in exploring QSLs in various…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-04 Shun-Yao Yu , Han Li , Qi-Rong Zhao , Yuan Gao , Xiao-Yu Dong , Zheng-Xin Liu , Wei Li , Shou-Shu Gong

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) represent exotic states of matter where quantum spins interact strongly yet evade long-range magnetic order down to absolute zero. Characterized by non-local quantum entanglement and resultant fractionalized…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-05 Yuji Matsuda , Takasada Shibauchi , Hae-Young Kee

Quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an exotic quantum phase of matter whose ground state is quantum-mechanically entangled without any magnetic ordering. A central issue concerns emergent excitations that characterize QSLs, which are…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-05-08 Y. Tokiwa , T. Yamashita , D. Terazawa , K. Kimura , Y. Kasahara , T. Onishi , Y. Kato , M. Halim , P. Gegenwart , T. Shibauchi , S. Nakatsuji , E. -G. Moon , Y. Matsuda

Quantum spin liquids (QSL) are exotic phases of matter that host fractionalized excitations. It is difficult for local probes to characterize QSL, whereas quantum entanglement can serve as a powerful diagnostic tool due to its non-locality.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-11-30 Wei Zhu , Xiao Chen , Yin-Chen He , William Witczak-Krempa

We investigate the nature of quantum spin liquid (QSL) phase of the spin-$1/2$ nearest-neighbor XXZ antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice. Recent numerical calculations suggest that such a kagome spin liquid is insensitive to the XXZ…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-11-22 Yin-Chen He , Yohei Fuji , Subhro Bhattacharjee

We study the ground-state properties of the quantum spin liquid (QSL) phases of the spin-$1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice with nearest- ($J_1$), next-nearest- ($J_2$), and third-neighbor ($J_3$)…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-05-10 Yi-Fan Jiang , Hong-Chen Jiang

Pursuing fractionalized particles that do not bear properties of conventional measurable objects, exemplified by bare particles in the vacuum such as electrons and elementary excitations such as magnons, is a challenge in physics. Here we…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-08-17 Yusuke Nomura , Masatoshi Imada

A quantum spin liquid (QSL) arises from a highly entangled superposition of many degenerate classical ground states in a frustrated magnet, and is characterized by emergent gauge fields and deconfined fractionalized excitations (spinons).…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-06-24 Bin Gao , Félix Desrochers , David W. Tam , Paul Steffens , Arno Hiess , Yixi Su , Sang-Wook Cheong , Yong Baek Kim , Pengcheng Dai

Many-body entanglement properties of quantum spin liquids (QSLs), persisting at arbitrarily long distances, have been intensely explored over the past two decades, but mostly for QSLs viewed as {\em closed} quantum systems. However, in…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-23 Federico Garcia-Gaitan , Branislav K. Nikolic

We investigate the quantum phase transition from antiferromagnetism ($AF$) to algebraic spin liquid ($ASL$). {\it We propose that spin 1/2 fermionic spinons in the $ASL$ fractionalize into spin 1/2 bosonic spinons and spinless fermions at…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 Ki-Seok Kim
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