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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are formulated to ground instructions in visual context and generate action sequences for robotic manipulation. Despite recent progress, VLA models still face challenges in learning related and reusable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Ziyue Zhu , Shangyang Wu , Shuai Zhao , Zhiqiu Zhao , Shengjie Li , Yi Wang , Fang Li , Haoran Luo

To address the problem of imperfect confrontation strategy caused by the lack of information of game environment in the simulation of non-complete information dynamic countermeasure modeling for intelligent game, the hierarchical analysis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Xiangri Lu , Hongbin Ma , Zhanqing Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a general framework for adaptive control, which has proven to be efficient in many domains, e.g., board games, video games or autonomous vehicles. In such problems, an agent faces a sequential decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Olivier Buffet , Olivier Pietquin , Paul Weng

World models improve a learning agent's ability to efficiently operate in interactive and situated environments. This work focuses on the task of building world models of text-based game environments. Text-based games, or interactive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Mark O. Riedl

Developing a generalist agent is a longstanding objective in artificial intelligence. Previous efforts utilizing extensive offline datasets from various tasks demonstrate remarkable performance in multitasking scenarios within Reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Yonggang Jin , Ge Zhang , Hao Zhao , Tianyu Zheng , Jarvi Guo , Liuyu Xiang , Shawn Yue , Stephen W. Huang , Zhaofeng He , Jie Fu

Game theory has long served as a foundational tool in cybersecurity to test, predict, and design strategic interactions between attackers and defenders. The recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers new tools and challenges for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Daniele Proverbio , Alessio Buscemi , Alessandro Di Stefano , The Anh Han , German Castignani , Pietro Liò

In this paper we present a neurosymbolic architecture for coupling language-guided visual reasoning with robot manipulation. A non-expert human user can prompt the robot using unconstrained natural language, providing a referring expression…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Georgios Tziafas , Hamidreza Kasaei

In this paper, we present NEMO, a system that translates Natural-language descriptions of decision problems into formal Executable Mathematical Optimization implementations, operating collaboratively with users or autonomously. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yang Song , Anoushka Vyas , Zirui Wei , Sina Khoshfetrat Pakazad , Henrik Ohlsson , Graham Neubig

This paper investigates the rationality of large language models (LLMs) in strategic decision-making contexts, specifically within the framework of game theory. We evaluate several state-of-the-art LLMs across a spectrum of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Wenyue Hua , Ollie Liu , Lingyao Li , Alfonso Amayuelas , Julie Chen , Lucas Jiang , Mingyu Jin , Lizhou Fan , Fei Sun , William Wang , Xintong Wang , Yongfeng Zhang

Most deep learning recommendation models operate as black boxes, relying on latent representations that obscure their decision process. This lack of intrinsic interpretability raises concerns in applications that require transparency and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Jinhao Pan , Bowen Wei , Ziwei Zhu

Game theory is a powerful framework for reasoning about strategic interactions, with applications in domains ranging from day-to-day life to international politics. However, applying formal reasoning tools in such contexts is challenging,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis , Vince Trencsenyi

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Generative AI has revolutionized natural language applications across various domains. However, high-stakes decision-making tasks in fields such as medical, legal and finance require a level of…

Text-based games present a unique challenge for autonomous agents to operate in natural language and handle enormous action spaces. In this paper, we propose the Contextual Action Language Model (CALM) to generate a compact set of action…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Shunyu Yao , Rohan Rao , Matthew Hausknecht , Karthik Narasimhan

Recent studies on Learning to Optimize (L2O) suggest a promising path to automating and accelerating the optimization procedure for complicated tasks. Existing L2O models parameterize optimization rules by neural networks, and learn those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Wenqing Zheng , Tianlong Chen , Ting-Kuei Hu , Zhangyang Wang

Text games present opportunities for natural language understanding (NLU) methods to tackle reinforcement learning (RL) challenges. However, recent work has questioned the necessity of NLU by showing random text hashes could perform…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Yi Gu , Shunyu Yao , Chuang Gan , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Mo Yu

This paper explores the integration of two AI subdisciplines employed in the development of artificial agents that exhibit intelligent behavior: Large Language Models (LLMs) and Cognitive Architectures (CAs). We present three integration…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Oscar J. Romero , John Zimmerman , Aaron Steinfeld , Anthony Tomasic

Traditional agentic workflows rely on external prompts to manage interactions with tools and the environment, which limits the autonomy of reasoning models. We position \emph{Large Agent Models (LAMs)} that internalize the generation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yuxiang Zhang , Yuqi Yang , Jiangming Shu , Xinyan Wen , Jitao Sang

This paper presents the Never Ending Open Learning Adaptive Framework (NEOLAF), an integrated neural-symbolic cognitive architecture that models and constructs intelligent agents. The NEOLAF framework is a superior approach to constructing…

We investigate the task of learning to follow natural language instructions by jointly reasoning with visual observations and language inputs. In contrast to existing methods which start with learning from demonstrations (LfD) and then use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Wenhan Xiong , Xiaoxiao Guo , Mo Yu , Shiyu Chang , Bowen Zhou , William Yang Wang

Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been applied to task-oriented dialogue systems by using latent actions to solve shortcomings of supervised learning (SL). In this paper, we propose a multi-domain task-oriented dialogue system,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Hyunmin Jeon , Gary Geunbae Lee