English
Related papers

Related papers: Efficient Decoding of Surface Code Syndromes for E…

200 papers

An efficient decoder is essential for quantum error correction, and data-driven neural decoders have emerged as promising, flexible solutions. Here, we introduce a diffusion model framework to infer logical errors from syndrome measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Zejun Liu , Anqi Gong , Bryan K. Clark

Quantum error correction codes (QECCs) are critical for realizing reliable quantum computing by protecting fragile quantum states against noise and errors. However, limited research has analyzed the noise resilience of QECCs to help select…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-22 Avimita Chatterjee , Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

The surface code is designed to suppress errors in quantum computing hardware and currently offers the most believable pathway to large-scale quantum computation. The surface code requires a 2-D array of nearest-neighbor coupled qubits that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-04 Austin G. Fowler

Quantum error correction is crucial for any quantum computing platform to achieve truly scalable quantum computation. The surface code and its variants have been considered the most promising quantum error correction scheme due to their…

Quantum error correction of a surface code or repetition code requires the pairwise matching of error events in a space-time graph of qubit measurements, such that the total weight of the matching is minimized. The input weights follow from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 S. T. Spitz , B. Tarasinski , C. W. J. Beenakker , T. E. O'Brien

Accurate decoding of quantum error-correcting codes is a crucial ingredient in protecting quantum information from decoherence. It requires characterizing the error channels corrupting the logical quantum state and providing this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-28 Volodymyr Sivak , Michael Newman , Paul Klimov

We study how well topological quantum codes can tolerate coherent noise caused by systematic unitary errors such as unwanted $Z$-rotations. Our main result is an efficient algorithm for simulating quantum error correction protocols based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-01 Sergey Bravyi , Matthias Englbrecht , Robert Koenig , Nolan Peard

Atom loss is a major error source in neutral-atom quantum computers, accounting for over 40% of the total physical errors in recent experiments. Its nonlinear and correlated nature poses significant challenges: current syndrome extraction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Pengyu Liu , Shi Jie Samuel Tan , Eric Huang , Umut A. Acar , Hengyun Zhou , Chen Zhao

The decoding problem is a ubiquitous algorithmic task in fault-tolerant quantum computing, and solving it efficiently is essential for scalable quantum computing. Here, we prove that minimum-weight decoding is NP-hard in three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Shouzhen Gu , Lily Wang , Aleksander Kubica

We present a two-step decoder for the parity code and evaluate its performance in code-capacity and faulty-measurement settings. For noiseless measurements, we find that the decoding problem can be reduced to a series of repetition codes…

In this work, we investigate the problem of neural-based error correction decoding, and more specifically, the new so-called syndrome-based decoding technique introduced to tackle scalability in the training phase for larger code sizes. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Gastón De Boni Rovella , Meryem Benammar

Qubit loss is a major source of error in quantum computation, as it invalidates the algebraic structure of the standard stabilizer formalism for quantum error-correcting codes. On the one hand, it complicates decoding; on the other hand, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Yuqing Wang , Xiaotian Nie , Jiale Dai , Zhongyi Ni , Tao Zhang , Hui Zhai , Linghui Chen

The maximum likelihood (ML) decoder in the two-dimensional surface code with generic unitary errors is governed by a statistical mechanics model with complex weights, which can be simulated via (1+1)D transfer matrix contraction.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Yimu Bao , Sajant Anand

Surface codes are promising for practical quantum error correction due to their high threshold and experimental feasibility. However, their performance under realistic noise conditions, particularly those involving correlated errors,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 SiYing Wang , Yue Yan , ZhiXin Xia , Xiang-Bin Wang

A fault-tolerant quantum computer will be supported by a classical decoding system interfacing with quantum hardware to perform quantum error correction. It is important that the decoder can keep pace with the quantum clock speed, within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-17 Samuel C. Smith , Benjamin J. Brown , Stephen D. Bartlett

Quantum computers have the potential to outperform classical computers for some complex computational problems. However, current quantum computers (e.g., from IBM and Google) have inherent noise that results in errors in the outputs of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Asmar Muqeet , Shaukat Ali , Tao Yue , Paolo Arcaini

Surface codes are a popular error-correction route to fault-tolerant quantum computation. The so-called exponential backlog problem that can arise when one has to do logical $T$-gates within the surface code demands real-time decoding of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Long D. H. My , Shao-Hen Chiew , Jing Hao Chai , Hui Khoon Ng

Quantum computation promises significant computational advantages over classical computation for some problems. However, quantum hardware suffers from much higher error rates than in classical hardware. As a result, extensive quantum error…

This paper investigates quantum error correction schemes for fully-correlated noise channels on an $n$-qubit system, where error operators take the form $W^{\otimes n}$, with $W$ being an arbitrary $2\times 2$ unitary operator. In previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 Chi-Kwong Li , Yuqiao Li , Diane Christine Pelejo , Sage Stanish

The Minimum-Weight Perfect Matching (MWPM) decoder is widely used in Quantum Error Correction (QEC) decoding. Despite its high accuracy, existing implementations of the MWPM decoder cannot catch up with quantum hardware, e.g., 1 million…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-16 Yue Wu , Lin Zhong