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Based on optical high-resolution spectra obtained with CFHT/ESPaDOnS, we present new measurements of activity and magnetic field proxies of 442 low-mass K5-M7 dwarfs. The objects were analysed as potential targets to search for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-07 C. Moutou , E. M. Hebrard , J. Morin , L. Malo , P. Fouque , A. Torres-Rivas , E. Martioli , X. Delfosse , E. Artigau , R. Doyon

Long-term stellar activity variations can affect the detectability of long-period and Earth-analogue extrasolar planets. We have, for 54 stars, analysed the long-term trend of five activity indicators: log$R'_\mathrm{{HK}}$, the…

We present a study of the activity-rotation relation for M dwarf stars, using new X-ray data from the ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) on board the Russian Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma mission (SRG), combined with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-26 E. Magaudda , B. Stelzer , St. Raetz

Context. Radial velocities (RVs) of stars contain both the Doppler reflex motion of potential planetary companions and the drowning and sometimes imitating effect of stellar activity. To separate the two, previous efforts have sought for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-19 K. Al Moulla , X. Dumusque , M. Cretignier

Active regions on the photosphere of a star have been the major obstacle for detecting Earth-like exoplanets using the radial velocity (RV) method. A commonly employed solution for addressing stellar activity is to assume a linear…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-24 U. Simola , A. Bonfanti , X. Dumusque , J. Cisewski-Kehe , S. Kaski , J. Corander

The search for telluric extrasolar planets with the Radial Velocity (RV) technique is intrinsically limited by the stellar jitter due to the activity of the star, because stellar surface inhomogeneities, including spots, plages and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-10 R. Claudi , A. Ghedina , E. Pace , L. Gallorini , A. -M. Di Giorgio , S. J. Liu , A. Tozzi , I. Carleo , A. F. Lanza , G. Micela , E. Molinari , E. Poretti , D. Phillips , G. Tripodo

Radial-velocity (RV) jitter due to intrinsic stellar variability introduces challenges when characterizing exoplanet systems, particularly when studying small (sub-Neptune-sized) planets orbiting solar-type stars. In this Letter we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Jie Yu , Daniel Huber , Timothy R. Bedding , Dennis Stello

Stellar activity interferes with precise radial velocity measurements and limits our ability to detect and characterize planets, particularly Earth-like planets. We introduce \aestra (Auto-Encoding STellar Radial-velocity and Activity), a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-01 Yan Liang , Joshua N. Winn , Peter Melchior

Stellar activity due to different processes (magnetic activity, photospheric flows) affects the measurement of radial velocities (RV). Radial velocities have been widely used to detect exoplanets, although the stellar signal significantly…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-14 Nadège Meunier

We have acquired high-resolution echelle spectra of 225 F6-M5 type stars in the southern hemisphere. The stars are targets or candidates to be targets for the Anglo-Australian Planet Search. CaII HK line cores were used to derive activity…

The discovery and characterization of extrasolar planets using radial velocity (RV) measurements is limited by noise sources from the surfaces of host stars. Current techniques to suppress stellar magnetic activity rely on decorrelation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-18 Jared C. Siegel , Ryan A. Rubenzahl , Samuel Halverson , Andrew W. Howard

The radial velocity signature of stellar noise is small, around the meter-per-second, but already too much for the detection of Earth mass planets in habitable zones. In this paper, we address the important role played by observational…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Xavier Dumusque , Stephane Udry , Christophe Lovis , Nuno C. Santos , Mario J. F. P. G. Monteiro

The stellar activity of M dwarfs is the main limitation for discovering and characterizing exoplanets orbiting them since it induces quasi-periodic RV variations. We aim to characterize the magnetic field and stellar activity of the early,…

Using the far-UV (FUV) and near-UV (NUV) photometry from the NASA Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), we searched for evidence of increased stellar activity due to tidal and/or magnetic star-planet interactions (SPI) in the 272 of known FGK…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Evgenya L. Shkolnik

Stellar activity is the ultimate source of radial-velocity (RV) noise in the search for Earth-mass planets orbiting late-type main-sequence stars. We analyse the performance of four different indicators and the chromospheric index $\log…

One of the best ways to improve our understanding of the stellar activity-induced signal in radial velocity (RV) measurements is through simultaneous high-precision photometric and RV observations. This is of prime importance to mitigate…

Stellar activity strongly affects and may prevent the detection of Earth-mass planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars with radial velocity technics. Astrometry is in principle less sensitive to stellar activity because the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-09 N. Meunier , A. -M. Lagrange , S. Borgniet

Stellar activity induces apparent radial velocity (RV) variations in late-type main-sequence stars that may hamper the detection of low-mass planets and the measurement of their mass. We use simultaneous measurements of the active planet…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 A. F. Lanza , I. Boisse , F. Bouchy , A. S. Bonomo , C. Moutou

The superb image quality, stability and sensitivity of the JWST permit deconvolution techniques to be pursued with a fidelity unavailable to ground-based observations. We present an assessment of several deconvolution approaches to improve…

Astrometry is less sensitive to stellar activity than the radial velocity technique when attempting to detect Earth mass planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars. This is due to a smaller number of physical processes affecting the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-30 Nadège Meunier , Anne-Marie Lagrange