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Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) have emerged as promising methodologies for addressing challenges in automated cyber defence (ACD). These techniques offer adaptive decision-making capabilities in…

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly prevalent across many real-world applications, understanding and enhancing their robustness to adversarial attacks is of paramount importance. Existing methods for identifying adversarial…

General purpose language models (LMs) encounter difficulties when processing domain-specific jargon and terminology, which are frequently utilized in specialized fields such as medicine or industrial settings. Moreover, they often find it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Daniel Eitan , Menachem Pirchi , Neta Glazer , Shai Meital , Gil Ayach , Gidon Krendel , Aviv Shamsian , Aviv Navon , Gil Hetz , Joseph Keshet

Cybersecurity threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated, making traditional defense mechanisms and manual red teaming approaches insufficient for modern organizations. While red teaming has long been recognized as an effective method…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Shruti Srivastava , Kiranmayee Janardhan , Shaurya Jauhari

Although using machine learning techniques to solve computer security challenges is not a new idea, the rapidly emerging Deep Learning technology has recently triggered a substantial amount of interests in the computer security community.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Yoon-Ho Choi , Peng Liu , Zitong Shang , Haizhou Wang , Zhilong Wang , Lan Zhang , Junwei Zhou , Qingtian Zou

The use of multi-chip modules (MCM) and/or multi-socket boards is the most suitable approach to increase the computation density of servers while keep chip yield attained. This paper introduces a new coherence protocol suitable, in terms of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Lucia G. Menezo , Valentin Puente , Jose A. Gregorio

Popular methods in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with partially observable environments typically allow agents to act independently during execution, which may limit the coordinated effect of the trained policies. However,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Faizan Contractor , Li Li , Ranwa Al Mallah

In an era of escalating cyber threats, malware poses significant risks to individuals and organizations, potentially leading to data breaches, system failures, and substantial financial losses. This study addresses the urgent need for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Marzieh Esnaashari , Nima Moradi

This paper reviews the entire engineering process of trustworthy Machine Learning (ML) algorithms designed to equip critical systems with advanced analytics and decision functions. We start from the fundamental principles of ML and describe…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Juliette Mattioli , Agnes Delaborde , Souhaiel Khalfaoui , Freddy Lecue , Henri Sohier , Frederic Jurie

Human-in-the-loop aims to train an accurate prediction model with minimum cost by integrating human knowledge and experience. Humans can provide training data for machine learning applications and directly accomplish tasks that are hard for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Xingjiao Wu , Luwei Xiao , Yixuan Sun , Junhang Zhang , Tianlong Ma , Liang He

Teamwork is vital in many settings, and it is socially beneficial for teams to cooperate in some situations (``good games'') and not in others (``bad games;'' e.g., those that allow for corruption). A team's cooperation in any given game…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-17 Jonathan Bendor , Lukas Bolte , Nicole Immorlica , Matthew O. Jackson

Recent technological advances, especially in the field of machine learning, provide astonishing progress on the road towards artificial general intelligence. However, tasks in current real-world business applications cannot yet be solved by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Dominik Dellermann , Adrian Calma , Nikolaus Lipusch , Thorsten Weber , Sascha Weigel , Philipp Ebel

We investigate two representation alternatives for the controllers of teams of cyber agents. We combine these controller representations with different evolutionary algorithms, one of which introduces a novel LLM-supported mutation…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Erik Hemberg , Eric Liu , Lucille Fuller , Stephen Moskal , Una-May O'Reilly

Deep networks have become very popular over the past few years. The main reason for this widespread use is their excellent ability to learn and predict knowledge in a very easy and efficient way. Convolutional neural networks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-15 Alexandros Karargyris

Many machine learning and data mining algorithms rely on the assumption that the training and testing data share the same feature space and distribution. However, this assumption may not always hold. For instance, there are situations where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Adrian Shuai Li , Arun Iyengar , Ashish Kundu , Elisa Bertino

Companies are using machine learning to solve real-world problems and are developing hundreds to thousands of features in the process. They are building feature engineering pipelines as part of MLOps life cycle to transform data from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Anya Li , Bhala Ranganathan , Feng Pan , Mickey Zhang , Qianjun Xu , Runhan Li , Sethu Raman , Shail Paragbhai Shah , Vivienne Tang

As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become increasingly embedded in critical societal functions, the need for robust red teaming methodologies continues to grow. In this forum piece, we examine emerging approaches to automating AI red…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Alice Qian Zhang , Jina Suh , Mary L. Gray , Hong Shen

Solving cybersecurity issues requires a holistic understanding of components, factors, structures and their interactions in cyberspace, but conventional modeling approaches view the field of cybersecurity by their boundaries so that we are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Dingyu Yan

The control of manufacturing processes must satisfy high quality and efficiency requirements while meeting safety requirements. A broad spectrum of monitoring and control strategies, such as model- and optimization-based controllers, are…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-18 Andreas Himmel , Janine Matschek , Rudolph Kok , Bruno Morabito , Hoang Hai Nguyen , Rolf Findeisen

Smart system applications (SSAs) built on top of cyber-physical and socio-technical systems are increasingly composed of components that can work both autonomously and by cooperating with each other. Cooperating robots, fleets of cars and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Tomáš Bureš , Ilias Gerostathopoulos , Petr Hnětynka , Jan Pacovský
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