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In this review, we describe the application of one of the most popular deep learning-based language models - BERT. The paper describes the mechanism of operation of this model, the main areas of its application to the tasks of text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 M. V. Koroteev

Code-switching, or alternating between languages within a single conversation, presents challenges for multilingual language models on NLP tasks. This research investigates if pre-training Multilingual BERT (mBERT) on code-switched datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Katherine Xie , Nitya Babbar , Vicky Chen , Yoanna Turura

In recent years we have witnessed an increase in cyber threats and malicious software attacks on different platforms with important consequences to persons and businesses. It has become critical to find automated machine learning techniques…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Abir Rahali , Moulay A. Akhloufi

Recent research has suggested that there are clear differences in the language used in the Dark Web compared to that of the Surface Web. As studies on the Dark Web commonly require textual analysis of the domain, language models specific to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Youngjin Jin , Eugene Jang , Jian Cui , Jin-Woo Chung , Yongjae Lee , Seungwon Shin

The Transformer architecture deeply changed the natural language processing, outperforming all previous state-of-the-art models. However, well-known Transformer models like BERT, RoBERTa, and GPT-2 require a huge compute budget to create a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Luca Di Liello , Matteo Gabburo , Alessandro Moschitti

Pathology text mining is a challenging task given the reporting variability and constant new findings in cancer sub-type definitions. However, successful text mining of a large pathology database can play a critical role to advance 'big…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Thiago Santos , Amara Tariq , Susmita Das , Kavyasree Vayalpati , Geoffrey H. Smith , Hari Trivedi , Imon Banerjee

Recently, the development of pre-trained language models has brought natural language processing (NLP) tasks to the new state-of-the-art. In this paper we explore the efficiency of various pre-trained language models. We pre-train a list of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Tong Guo

Translation of natural language into syntactically correct commands for data visualization is an important application of natural language models and could be leveraged to many different tasks. A closely related effort is the task of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Shuo Wang , Carlos Crespo-Quinones

The pre-trained language model is trained on large-scale unlabeled text and can achieve state-of-the-art results in many different downstream tasks. However, the current pre-trained language model is mainly concentrated in the Chinese and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Yuan Sun , Sisi Liu , Junjie Deng , Xiaobing Zhao

Recent research has achieved impressive results on understanding and improving source code by building up on machine-learning techniques developed for natural languages. A significant advancement in natural-language understanding has come…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Aditya Kanade , Petros Maniatis , Gogul Balakrishnan , Kensen Shi

Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) has shown marvelous improvements across various NLP tasks, and consecutive variants have been proposed to further improve the performance of the pre-trained language models. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Yiming Cui , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu , Bing Qin , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu

Encoder-only languages models are frequently used for a variety of standard machine learning tasks, including classification and retrieval. However, there has been a lack of recent research for encoder models, especially with respect to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Marc Marone , Orion Weller , William Fleshman , Eugene Yang , Dawn Lawrie , Benjamin Van Durme

Developing automated and smart software vulnerability detection models has been receiving great attention from both research and development communities. One of the biggest challenges in this area is the lack of code samples for all…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Khadija Hanifi , Ramin F Fouladi , Basak Gencer Unsalver , Goksu Karadag

Deep Learning (DL) techniques for Natural Language Processing have been evolving remarkably fast. Recently, the DL advances in language modeling, machine translation and paragraph understanding are so prominent that the potential of DL in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Triet H. M. Le , Hao Chen , M. Ali Babar

Deep learning-based Natural Language Processing methods, especially transformers, have achieved impressive performance in the last few years. Applying those state-of-the-art NLP methods to legal activities to automate or simplify some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Saibo Geng , Rémi Lebret , Karl Aberer

This paper provides a starting point for Software Engineering (SE) researchers and practitioners faced with the problem of training machine learning models on small datasets. Due to the high costs associated with labeling data, in Software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Julian Aron Prenner , Romain Robbes

Deep neural language models such as BERT have enabled substantial recent advances in many natural language processing tasks. Due to the effort and computational cost involved in their pre-training, language-specific models are typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Sampo Pyysalo , Jenna Kanerva , Antti Virtanen , Filip Ginter

The application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has achieved a high level of relevance in several areas. In the field of software engineering (SE), NLP applications are based on the classification of similar texts (e.g. software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Eliane Maria De Bortoli Fávero , Dalcimar Casanova

Millions of repetitive code snippets are submitted to code repositories every day. To search from these large codebases using simple natural language queries would allow programmers to ideate, prototype, and develop easier and faster.…

Pre-training a transformer-based model for the language modeling task in a large dataset and then fine-tuning it for downstream tasks has been found very useful in recent years. One major advantage of such pre-trained language models is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Enamul Hoque , Jimmy Xiangji Huang