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Tree-based ensembles such as the Random Forest are modern classics among statistical learning methods. In particular, they are used for predicting univariate responses. In case of multiple outputs the question arises whether we separately…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-17 Lena Schmid , Alexander Gerharz , Andreas Groll , Markus Pauly

Model trees provide an appealing way to perform interpretable machine learning for both classification and regression problems. In contrast to ``classic'' decision trees with constant values in their leaves, model trees can use linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Sabino Francesco Roselli , Eibe Frank

Tree ensemble models like random forests and gradient boosting machines are widely used in machine learning due to their excellent predictive performance. However, a high-performance ensemble consisting of a large number of decision trees…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-28 Zebin Yang , Agus Sudjianto , Xiaoming Li , Aijun Zhang

Random forest regression is a powerful non-parametric method that adapts to local data characteristics through data-driven partitioning, making it effective across diverse application domains. However, the piecewise constant nature of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ziyi Liu , Phuc Luong , Mario Boley , Daniel F. Schmidt

Tree ensembles are machine learning models with strong predictive performance and interpretability, and remain widely used for tabular data. Standard pruning methods for tree ensembles typically optimize an accuracy-compression trade-off…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Haruki Yajima , Yusuke Matsui

Random forests are considered a cornerstone in machine learning for their robustness and versatility. Despite these strengths, their conventional centralized training is ill-suited for the modern landscape of data that is often distributed,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Penjan Antonio Eng Lim , Cheong Hee Park

The random forest (RF) algorithm has become a very popular prediction method for its great flexibility and promising accuracy. In RF, it is conventional to put equal weights on all the base learners (trees) to aggregate their predictions.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-18 Xinyu Chen , Dalei Yu , Xinyu Zhang

This study investigates transformer model compression by systematically pruning its layers. We evaluated 14 pruning strategies across nine diverse datasets, including 12 strategies based on different signals obtained from layer activations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Md Shoaibur Rahman

We propose a new optimization-based approach for feature selection in tree ensembles, an important problem in statistics and machine learning. Popular tree ensemble toolkits e.g., Gradient Boosted Trees and Random Forests support feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Shibal Ibrahim , Kayhan Behdin , Rahul Mazumder

Tree ensembles are flexible predictive models that can capture relevant variables and to some extent their interactions in a compact and interpretable manner. Most algorithms for obtaining tree ensembles are based on versions of boosting or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-21 Gitesh Dawer , Yangzi Guo , Adrian Barbu

Machine learning (ML) algorithms become increasingly important in the analysis of astronomical data. However, since most ML algorithms are not designed to take data uncertainties into account, ML based studies are mostly restricted to data…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-26 Itamar Reis , Dalya Baron , Sahar Shahaf

Tree ensemble models such as random forests and boosted trees are among the most widely used and practically successful predictive models in applied machine learning and business analytics. Although such models have been used to make…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-11 Velibor V. Mišić

The Random Forest (RF) classifier is often claimed to be relatively well calibrated when compared with other machine learning methods. Moreover, the existing literature suggests that traditional calibration methods, such as isotonic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Mohammad Hossein Shaker , Eyke Hüllermeier

Online learning algorithms have become a ubiquitous tool in the machine learning toolbox and are frequently used in small, resource-constraint environments. Among the most successful online learning methods are Decision Tree (DT) ensembles.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Sebastian Buschjäger , Sibylle Hess , Katharina Morik

Tree-based ensemble methods, as Random Forests and Gradient Boosted Trees, have been successfully used for regression in many applications and research studies. Furthermore, these methods have been extended in order to deal with uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Myriam Tami , Marianne Clausel , Emilie Devijver , Adrien Dulac , Eric Gaussier , Stefan Janaqi , Meriam Chebre

Tree-based ensemble methods such as random forests, gradient-boosted trees, and Bayesianadditive regression trees have been successfully used for regression problems in many applicationsand research studies. In this paper, we study ensemble…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-21 Alexandre Seiller , Éric Gaussier , Emilie Devijver , Marianne Clausel , Sami Alkhoury

It is notoriously difficult to build a bad Random Forest (RF). Concurrently, RF blatantly overfits in-sample without any apparent consequence out-of-sample. Standard arguments, like the classic bias-variance trade-off or double descent,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-01 Philippe Goulet Coulombe

Random forest (RF) missing data algorithms are an attractive approach for dealing with missing data. They have the desirable properties of being able to handle mixed types of missing data, they are adaptive to interactions and nonlinearity,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-01-23 Fei Tang , Hemant Ishwaran

Despite their remarkable effectiveness and broad application, the drivers of success underlying ensembles of trees are still not fully understood. In this paper, we highlight how interpreting tree ensembles as adaptive and self-regularizing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-05 Alicia Curth , Alan Jeffares , Mihaela van der Schaar

Ensemble techniques are frequently encountered in machine learning and engineering problems since the method combines different models and produces an optimal predictive solution. The ensemble concept can be adapted to deep learning models…