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This work addresses the task of self-supervised learning (SSL) on a long-tailed dataset that aims to learn balanced and well-separated representations for downstream tasks such as image classification. This task is crucial because the real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Cuong Manh Hoang , Yeejin Lee , Byeongkeun Kang

Despite the success of contrastive learning (CL) in vision and language, its theoretical foundations and mechanisms for building representations remain poorly understood. In this work, we build connections between noise contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Zihao Chen , Chi-Heng Lin , Ran Liu , Jingyun Xiao , Eva L Dyer

The dynamic nature of open-world scenarios has attracted more attention to class incremental learning (CIL). However, existing CIL methods typically presume the availability of complete ground-truth labels throughout the training process,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiaming Liu , Hongyuan Liu , Zhili Qin , Wei Han , Yulu Fan , Qinli Yang , Junming Shao

Long-tailed distributions in class-imbalanced data present a fundamental challenge for deep learning models, which tend to be biased toward majority classes. While recent methods for long-tailed recognition have mitigated this issue, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Heegeon Yoon , Heeyoung Kim

Real world data often exhibits a long-tailed and open-ended (with unseen classes) distribution. A practical recognition system must balance between majority (head) and minority (tail) classes, generalize across the distribution, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Ziwei Liu , Zhongqi Miao , Xiaohang Zhan , Jiayun Wang , Boqing Gong , Stella X. Yu

Recognition problems in long-tailed data, in which the sample size per class is heavily skewed, have gained importance because the distribution of the sample size per class in a dataset is generally exponential unless the sample size is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Naoya Hasegawa , Issei Sato

In this work, we introduce a novel strategy for long-tail recognition that addresses the tail classes' few-shot problem via training-free knowledge transfer. Our objective is to transfer knowledge acquired from information-rich common…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Sarah Parisot , Pedro M. Esperanca , Steven McDonagh , Tamas J. Madarasz , Yongxin Yang , Zhenguo Li

Continual learning (CL) with long-tailed data distributions remains a critical challenge for real-world AI systems, where models must sequentially adapt to new classes while retaining knowledge of old ones, despite severe class imbalance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Hao Dai , Chong Tang , Jagmohan Chauhan

This paper proposes to perform online clustering by conducting twin contrastive learning (TCL) at the instance and cluster level. Specifically, we find that when the data is projected into a feature space with a dimensionality of the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Yunfan Li , Mouxing Yang , Dezhong Peng , Taihao Li , Jiantao Huang , Xi Peng

Most of the medical tasks naturally exhibit a long-tailed distribution due to the complex patient-level conditions and the existence of rare diseases. Existing long-tailed learning methods usually treat each class equally to re-balance the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Lie Ju , Yicheng Wu , Lin Wang , Zhen Yu , Xin Zhao , Xin Wang , Paul Bonnington , Zongyuan Ge

The emergence of in-context learning (ICL) enables large pre-trained language models (PLMs) to make predictions for unseen inputs without updating parameters. Despite its potential, ICL's effectiveness heavily relies on the quality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xiaoling Zhou , Wei Ye , Yidong Wang , Chaoya Jiang , Zhemg Lee , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang

Federated learning is designed to enhance data security and privacy, but faces challenges when dealing with heterogeneous data in long-tailed and non-IID distributions. This paper explores an overlooked scenario where tail classes are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Zhuoxin Chen , Zhenyu Wu , Yang Ji

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is crucial for deploying robust machine learning models. However, when training data follows a long-tailed distribution, the model's ability to accurately detect OOD samples is significantly compromised,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Shuai Feng , Yuxin Ge , Yuntao Du , Mingcai Chen , Chongjun Wang , Lei Feng

The long-tailed class distribution in visual recognition tasks poses great challenges for neural networks on how to handle the biased predictions between head and tail classes, i.e., the model tends to classify tail classes as head classes.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yidong Wang , Bowen Zhang , Wenxin Hou , Zhen Wu , Jindong Wang , Takahiro Shinozaki

Decoupling representation learning and classifier learning has been shown to be effective in classification with long-tailed data. There are two main ingredients in constructing a decoupled learning scheme; 1) how to train the feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Giung Nam , Sunguk Jang , Juho Lee

We present Cycle-Contrastive Learning (CCL), a novel self-supervised method for learning video representation. Following a nature that there is a belong and inclusion relation of video and its frames, CCL is designed to find correspondences…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Quan Kong , Wenpeng Wei , Ziwei Deng , Tomoaki Yoshinaga , Tomokazu Murakami

We propose a distance supervised relation extraction approach for long-tailed, imbalanced data which is prevalent in real-world settings. Here, the challenge is to learn accurate "few-shot" models for classes existing at the tail of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Ningyu Zhang , Shumin Deng , Zhanlin Sun , Guanying Wang , Xi Chen , Wei Zhang , Huajun Chen

Existing graph contrastive learning methods rely on augmentation techniques based on random perturbations (e.g., randomly adding or dropping edges and nodes). Nevertheless, altering certain edges or nodes can unexpectedly change the graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Huidong Liang , Xingjian Du , Bilei Zhu , Zejun Ma , Ke Chen , Junbin Gao

Deep neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting when continually learning new concepts. In this paper, we analyze this problem from a data imbalance point of view. We argue that the imbalance between old task and new task data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Leyuan Wang , Liuyu Xiang , Yunlong Wang , Huijia Wu , Zhaofeng He

Dynamic facial expression recognition (DFER) faces significant challenges due to long-tailed category distributions and complexity of spatio-temporal feature modeling. While existing deep learning-based methods have improved DFER…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Feng-Qi Cui , Zhen Lin , Xinlong Rao , Anyang Tong , Shiyao Li , Fei Wang , Changlin Chen , Bin Liu