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Integrated sensing and communication and millimeter wave (mmWave) have emerged as pivotal technologies for 6G networks. However, the narrow nature of mmWave beams requires precise alignments that typically necessitate large training…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Ahmad A. Aziz El-Banna , Octavia A. Dobre

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) represent the given data in a low-dimensional latent space, which is generally assumed to be Euclidean. This assumption naturally leads to the common choice of a standard Gaussian prior over continuous latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Dimitris Kalatzis , David Eklund , Georgios Arvanitidis , Søren Hauberg

In recent years, the field of machine learning has made phenomenal progress in the pursuit of simulating real-world data generation processes. One notable example of such success is the variational autoencoder (VAE). In this work, with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-30 Hwan Goh , Sheroze Sheriffdeen , Jonathan Wittmer , Tan Bui-Thanh

Variational auto-encoders (VAEs) are an influential and generally-used class of likelihood-based generative models in unsupervised learning. The likelihood-based generative models have been reported to be highly robust to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xuming Ran , Mingkun Xu , Qi Xu , Huihui Zhou , Quanying Liu

Variational autoencoders (VAE) often use Gaussian or category distribution to model the inference process. This puts a limit on variational learning because this simplified assumption does not match the true posterior distribution, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Ke Sun , Xiangliang Zhang

Unsupervised anomaly detection is a challenging task. Autoencoders (AEs) or generative models are often employed to model the data distribution of normal inputs and subsequently identify anomalous, out-of-distribution inputs by high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yalin Liao , Austin J. Brockmeier

Object-centric representations form the basis of human perception, and enable us to reason about the world and to systematically generalize to new settings. Currently, most works on unsupervised object discovery focus on slot-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Sindy Löwe , Phillip Lippe , Maja Rudolph , Max Welling

In automatic emotion recognition (AER), labels assigned by different human annotators to the same utterance are often inconsistent due to the inherent complexity of emotion and the subjectivity of perception. Though deterministic labels…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Wen Wu , Chao Zhang , Philip C. Woodland

Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) has been extended as a representative nonlinear method for collaborative filtering. However, the bottleneck of VAE lies in the softmax computation over all items, such that it takes linear costs in the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Jin Chen , Defu Lian , Binbin Jin , Xu Huang , Kai Zheng , Enhong Chen

We propose to utilize a variational autoencoder (VAE) for data-driven channel estimation. The underlying true and unknown channel distribution is modeled by the VAE as a conditional Gaussian distribution in a novel way, parameterized by the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-07 Michael Baur , Benedikt Fesl , Michael Koller , Wolfgang Utschick

We present the development of a semi-supervised regression method using variational autoencoders (VAE), which is customized for use in soft sensing applications. We motivate the use of semi-supervised learning considering the fact that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Yilin Zhuang , Zhuobin Zhou , Burak Alakent , Mehmet Mercangöz

In recent years, there are numerous works been proposed to leverage the techniques of deep learning to improve social-aware recommendation performance. In most cases, it requires a larger number of data to train a robust deep learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Yiteng Pan , Fazhi He , Haiping Yu

Gaussian processes that can be decomposed into a smooth mean function and a stationary autocorrelated noise process are considered and a fully automatic nonparametric method to simultaneous estimation of mean and auto-covariance functions…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-19 Tatyana Krivobokova , Paulo Serra , Francisco Rosales , Karolina Klockmann

Standard Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) excel at discovering a dictionary of a model's learned features, offering a powerful observational lens. However, the ambiguous and ungrounded nature of these features makes them unreliable instruments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jianrong Ding , Muxi Chen , Chenchen Zhao , Qiang Xu

Interpretable machine learning is rapidly becoming a crucial tool for scientific discovery. Among existing approaches, variational autoencoders (VAEs) have shown promise in extracting the hidden physical features of some input data, with no…

The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a seminal approach in deep generative modeling with latent variables. Interpreting its reconstruction process as a nonlinear transformation of samples from the latent posterior distribution, we apply the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Faris Janjoš , Lars Rosenbaum , Maxim Dolgov , J. Marius Zöllner

Boltzmann machines are powerful distributions that have been shown to be an effective prior over binary latent variables in variational autoencoders (VAEs). However, previous methods for training discrete VAEs have used the evidence lower…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-17 Arash Vahdat , Evgeny Andriyash , William G. Macready

Unsupervised learning can leverage large-scale data sources without the need for annotations. In this context, deep learning-based autoencoders have shown great potential in detecting anomalies in medical images. However, especially…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-03 David Zimmerer , Simon Kohl , Jens Petersen , Fabian Isensee , Klaus Maier-Hein

We present BAE, a problem-tailored and noise-aware Bayesian algorithm for quantum amplitude estimation. In a fault tolerant scenario, BAE is capable of saturating the Heisenberg limit; if device noise is present, BAE can dynamically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Alexandra Ramôa , Luis Paulo Santos

Masked auto-encoder pre-training has emerged as a prevalent technique for initializing and enhancing dense retrieval systems. It generally utilizes additional Transformer decoder blocks to provide sustainable supervision signals and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Guangyuan Ma , Xing Wu , Zijia Lin , Songlin Hu