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Preprocessing data is an important step before any data analysis. In this paper, we focus on one particular aspect, namely scaling or normalization. We analyze various scaling methods in common use and study their effects on different…

Reasoning models improve their problem-solving ability through inference-time scaling, allocating more compute via longer token budgets. Identifying which reasoning traces are likely to succeed remains a key opportunity: reliably predicting…

Latent variable models are popularly used to measure latent factors (e.g., abilities and personalities) from large-scale assessment data. Beyond understanding these latent factors, the covariate effect on responses controlling for latent…

The sequential recommendation task aims to predict the item that user is interested in according to his/her historical action sequence. However, inevitable random action, i.e. user randomly accesses an item among multiple candidates or…

Pre-trained models have revolutionized natural language understanding. However, researchers have found they can encode artifacts undesired in many applications, such as professions correlating with one gender more than another. We explore…

Typically, machine learning models are trained and evaluated without making any distinction between users (e.g, using traditional hold-out and cross-validation). However, this produces inaccurate performance metrics estimates in multi-user…

We introduce the identity labeling problem - given an individual in a social situation, can we predict what identity(ies) they will be labeled with by someone else? This problem remains a theoretical gap and methodological challenge,…

Model counting is a fundamental problem which has been influential in many applications, from artificial intelligence to formal verification. Due to the intrinsic hardness of model counting, approximate techniques have been developed to…

Statistical latent class models are widely used in social and psychological researches, yet it is often difficult to establish the identifiability of the model parameters. In this paper we consider the identifiability issue of a family of…

The ability to predict the performance of a query before results are returned has been a longstanding challenge in Information Retrieval (IR) systems. Inspired by this task, we introduce, in this paper, a novel task called "Prompt…

Data pruning, or instance selection, is an important problem in machine learning especially in terms of nearest neighbour classifier. However, in data pruning which speeds up the prediction phase, there is an issue related to the speed and…

Concept discovery is one of the open problems in the interpretability literature that is important for bridging the gap between non-deep learning experts and model end-users. Among current formulations, concepts defines them by as a…

The use of patterns in predictive models is a topic that has received a lot of attention in recent years. Pattern mining can help to obtain models for structured domains, such as graphs and sequences, and has been proposed as a means to…

Simulation-based inference enables learning the parameters of a model even when its likelihood cannot be computed in practice. One class of methods uses data simulated with different parameters to infer models of the likelihood-to-evidence…

In dyadic prediction, labels must be predicted for pairs (dyads) whose members possess unique identifiers and, sometimes, additional features called side-information. Special cases of this problem include collaborative filtering and link…

Human affordance learning investigates contextually relevant novel pose prediction such that the estimated pose represents a valid human action within the scene. While the task is fundamental to machine perception and automated interactive…

Humans use social context to specify preferences over behaviors, i.e. their reward functions. Yet, algorithms for inferring reward models from preference data do not take this social learning view into account. Inspired by pragmatic human…

Schema matching is the process of identifying correspondences between the elements of two given schemata, essential for database management systems, data integration, and data warehousing. For datasets across different scenarios, the…

Mixture models and topic models generate each observation from a single cluster, but standard variational posteriors for each observation assign positive probability to all possible clusters. This requires dense storage and runtime costs…

While research on applications and evaluations of explanation methods continues to expand, fairness of the explanation methods concerning disparities in their performance across subgroups remains an often overlooked aspect. In this paper,…