English
Related papers

Related papers: Evolutionary Equilibrium Analysis for Decision on …

200 papers

This paper opts to mitigate the energy-inefficiency of the Blockchain Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus algorithm by rationally repurposing the power spent during the mining process. The original PoW mining scheme is designed to consider one…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-09 Noureddine Lasla , Lina Alsahan , Mohamed Abdallah , Mohamed Younis

Blockchain is rapidly emerging as an important class of network application, with a unique set of trust, security and transparency properties. In a blockchain system, participants record and update the `server-side' state of an application…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Yifan Mao , Shaileshh Bojja Venkatakrishnan

Blockchain is a technology that provides a distributed ledger that stores previous records while maintaining consistency and security. Bitcoin is the first and largest decentralized electronic cryptographic system that uses blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Befekadu G. Gebraselase , Bjarne E. Helvik , Yuming Jiang

We study long-term equilibria that arise in the token monetary policy, or tokenomics, design of proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchain systems that engage utility maximizing users and validators. Validators are system maintainers who get rewarded…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Aggelos Kiayias , Philip Lazos , Paolo Penna

Blockchains have sparked global interest in recent years, gaining importance as they increasingly influence technology and finance. This thesis investigates the robustness of blockchain protocols, specifically focusing on Ethereum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Ulysse Pavloff

A proof of work (PoW) blockchain protocol distributes rewards to its participants, called miners, according to their share of the total computational power. Sufficiently large miners can perform selfish mining - deviate from the protocol to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Roi Bar-Zur , Ittay Eyal , Aviv Tamar

This paper studies a fundamental problem regarding the security of blockchain PoW consensus on how the existence of multiple misbehaving miners influences the profitability of selfish mining. Each selfish miner (or attacker interchangeably)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Qianlan Bai , Yuedong Xu , Nianyi Liu , Xin Wang

Abrupt changes in the miner hash rate applied to a proof-of-work (PoW) blockchain can adversely affect user experience and security. Because different PoW blockchains often share hashing algorithms, miners face a complex choice in deciding…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-06-20 George Bissias , Brian N. Levine , David Thibodeau

Mining is a central operation of all proof-of-work (PoW) based cryptocurrencies. The vast majority of miners today participate in "mining pools" instead of "solo mining" in order to lower risk and achieve a more steady income. However, this…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Panagiotis Chatzigiannis , Foteini Baldimtsi , Igor Griva , Jiasun Li

Blockchain-based cryptocurrencies secure a decentralized consensus protocol by incentives. The protocol participants, called miners, generate (mine) a series of blocks, each containing monetary transactions created by system users. As…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Itay Tsabary , Ittay Eyal

We argue that the current POW based consensus algorithm of the Bitcoin network suffers from a fundamental economic discrepancy between the real world transaction (txn) costs incurred by miners and the wealth that is being transacted. Put…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-24 Valdemar Melicher

In blockchain-based order book systems, buyers and sellers trade assets, while it is miners to match them and include their transactions in the blockchain. It is found that many miners behave selfishly and myopically, prioritizing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Yunshu Liu , Lingjie Duan

This paper examines the economic and security implications of Proof-of-Stake (POS) designs, providing a survey of POS design choices and their underlying economic principles in prominent POS-blockchains. The paper argues that…

General Economics · Economics 2024-05-24 Nicolas Oderbolz , Beatrix Marosvölgyi , Matthias Hafner

The arisen of Bitcoin has led to much enthusiasm for blockchain research and block mining, and the extensive existence of mining pools helps its participants (i.e., miners) gain reward more frequently. Recently, the mining pools are proved…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Zhihuai Chen , Bo Li , Xiaohan Shan , Xiaoming Sun , Jialin Zhang

We study a game-theoretic model for pool formation in Proof of Stake blockchain protocols. In such systems, stakeholders can form pools as a means of obtaining regular rewards from participation in ledger maintenance, with the power of each…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Aggelos Kiayias , Elias Koutsoupias , Evangelos Markakis , Panagiotis Tsamopoulos

Proof-of-work blockchains reward each miner for one completed block by an amount that is, in expectation, proportional to the number of hashes the miner contributed to the mining of the block. Is this proportional allocation rule optimal?…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Xi Chen , Christos Papadimitriou , Tim Roughgarden

The selfish mining attack, arguably the most famous game-theoretic attack in blockchain, indicates that the Bitcoin protocol is not incentive-compatible. Most subsequent works mainly focus on strengthening the selfish mining strategy, thus…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Mengqian Zhang , Yuhao Li , Jichen Li , Chaozhe Kong , Xiaotie Deng

We introduce and study reward sharing schemes (RSS) that promote the fair formation of {\em stake pools}\ in collaborative projects that involve a large number of stakeholders such as the maintenance of a proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchain.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Lars Brünjes , Aggelos Kiayias , Elias Koutsoupias , Aikaterini-Panagiota Stouka

Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus is traditionally analyzed under the assumption that all miners incur similar costs per unit of computational effort. In reality, costs vary due to factors such as regional electricity cost differences and…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yogev Bar-On , Ilan Komargodski , Omri Weinstein

This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of two dominant blockchain consensus mechanisms, Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS), evaluated across seven critical metrics: energy use, security, transaction speed,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Kaeli Andrews , Linh B. Ngo , Md Amiruzzaman