Related papers: Franchised Quantum Money
Quantum encryption is a well studied problem for both classical and quantum information. However, little is known about quantum encryption schemes which enable the user, under different keys, to learn different functions of the plaintext,…
Recently, the invention of quantum computers was so revolutionary that they bring transformative challenges in a variety of fields, especially for the traditional cryptographic blockchain, and it may become a real thread for most of the…
Lottery is a game in which multiple players take chances in the hope of getting some rewards in cash or kind. In addition, from the time of the early civilizations, lottery has also been considered as an apposite method to allocate scarce…
We explore the conversion of classical secret-sharing schemes to quantum ones, and how this can be used to give efficient QSS schemes for general adversary structures. Our first result is that quantum secret-sharing is possible for any…
Quantum tokens envision to store unclonable quantum states in a physical device, with the goal of being used for personal authentication protocols, as required by banks. Still, the experimental realization of such devices faces many…
We present a quantum version of a cipher used in cryptography where the message to be communicated is encoded into the relative phase of a quantum state using the shared key. The encoded quantum information carrying the message is actually…
A feasible quantum key distribution (QKD) network scheme has been proposed with the wavelength routing. An apparatus called "quantum router", which is made up of many wavelength division multiplexers, can route the quantum signals without…
By analogy to classical cryptography, we develop a "quantum public key" based cryptographic scheme in which the two public and private keys consist in each of two entangled beams of squeezed light. An analog message is encrypted by…
Bit commitment involves the submission of evidence from one party to another so that the evidence can be used to confirm a later revealed bit value by the first party, while the second party cannot determine the bit value from the evidence…
In 2015, Li et al. (Quantum Inf Process (2015) 14:2171-2181) proposed an arbitrated quantum signature (AQS) scheme based on the chained controlled-NOT operations encryption. However, this paper points out that in their scheme an attacker…
Computational security in cryptography has a risk that computational assumptions underlying the security are broken in the future. One solution is to construct information-theoretically-secure protocols, but many cryptographic primitives…
Quantum key distribution is one of the most fundamental cryptographic protocols. Quantum walks are important primitives for computing. In this paper we take advantage of the properties of quantum walks to design new secure quantum key…
In contemporary cryptographic systems, secret keys are usually exchanged by means of methods, which suffer from mathematical and technology inherent drawbacks. That could lead to unnoticed complete compromise of cryptographic systems,…
We consider quantum cryptographic schemes where the carriers of information are 3-state particles. One protocol uses four mutually unbiased bases and appears to provide better security than obtainable with 2-state carriers. Another possible…
This paper presents a hybrid cryptographic protocol, using quantum and classical resources, to generate a key for authentication and optionally for encryption in a network. One or more trusted servers distribute streams of entangled photons…
Twin-field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) can overcome fundamental secret-key-rate bounds on point-to-point QKD links, allowing us to reach longer distances than ever before. Since its introduction, several TF-QKD variants have been…
Quantum cryptographic definitions are often sensitive to the number of copies of the cryptographic states revealed to an adversary. Making definitional changes to the number of copies accessible to an adversary can drastically affect…
Quantum Digital Signatures (QDS) allow for the exchange of messages from one sender to multiple recipients, with the guarantee that messages cannot be forged or tampered with. Additionally, messages cannot be repudiated -- if one recipient…
The claim of quantum cryptography has always been that it can provide protocols that are unconditionally secure, that is, for which the security does not depend on any restriction on the time, space or technology available to the cheaters.…
We give a security proof of quantum cryptography based entirely on entanglement purification. Our proof applies to all possible attacks (individual and coherent). It implies the security of cryptographic keys distributed with the help of…