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In urban environments, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning is often compromised by signal blockages and multipath effects caused by buildings, leading to significant positioning errors. To address this issue, this study…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-18 Sanghyun Kim , Jiwon Seo

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used in pattern-recognition tasks for which a human comprehensible, quantitative description of the data-generating process, e.g., in the form of equations, cannot be achieved. While doing so, DNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Antoine Garcon , Julian Vexler , Dmitry Budker , Stefan Kramer

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved great success in the area of computer vision. The disparity estimation problem tends to be addressed by DNNs which achieve much better prediction accuracy than traditional hand-crafted feature-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Qiang Wang , Shaohuai Shi , Shizhen Zheng , Kaiyong Zhao , Xiaowen Chu

Despite their popularity, deep neural networks (DNNs) applied to time series forecasting often fail to beat simpler statistical models. One of the main causes of this suboptimal performance is the data non-stationarity present in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Edoardo Urettini , Daniele Atzeni , Reshawn J. Ramjattan , Antonio Carta

In safety-critical systems (e.g., autonomous vehicles and robots), Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are becoming a key component for computer vision tasks, particularly semantic segmentation. Further, since the DNN behavior cannot be assessed…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Mohammed Oualid Attaoui , Fabrizio Pastore , Lionel Briand

By utilizing global navigation satellite system (GNSS) position and velocity measurements, the fusion between the GNSS and the inertial navigation system provides accurate and robust navigation information. When considering land…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Nitzan Dahan , Itzik Klein

Deploying deep neural networks (DNNs) on resource-constrained edge devices such as FPGAs requires a careful balance among latency, power, and hardware resource usage, while maintaining high accuracy. Existing Lookup Table (LUT)-based DNNs…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Binglei Lou , Ruilin Wu , Philip Leong

In this work, we consider direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation in the presence of extreme noise using Deep Learning (DL). In particular, we introduce a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that is trained from mutli-channel data of the true…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-08 Georgios K. Papageorgiou , Mathini Sellathurai , Yonina C. Eldar

Indoor Positioning based on Machine Learning has drawn increasing attention both in the academy and the industry as meaningful information from the reference data can be extracted. Many researchers are using supervised, semi-supervised, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-29 Darwin Quezada-Gaibor , Joaquín Torres-Sospedra , Jari Nurmi , Yevgeni Koucheryavy , Joaquín Huerta

In this paper, we construct approximated solutions of Differential Equations (DEs) using the Deep Neural Network (DNN). Furthermore, we present an architecture that includes the process of finding model parameters through experimental data,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-31 Hyeontae Jo , Hwijae Son , Hyung Ju Hwang , Eunheui Kim

A wide range of practically important problems is nowadays efficiently solved using artificial neural networks. This gave momentum to intensive development of their optical implementations, among which, the so-called diffractive neural…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been shown lack of robustness for the vulnerability of their classification to small perturbations on the inputs. This has led to safety concerns of applying DNNs to safety-critical domains. Several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Jianlin Li , Pengfei Yang , Jiangchao Liu , Liqian Chen , Xiaowei Huang , Lijun Zhang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown very promising results for various image restoration (IR) tasks. However, the design of network architectures remains a major challenging for achieving further improvements. While most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Weisheng Dong , Peiyao Wang , Wotao Yin , Guangming Shi , Fangfang Wu , Xiaotong Lu

Deep neural networks (DNN) have achieved unprecedented performance in computer-vision tasks almost ubiquitously in business, technology, and science. While substantial efforts are made to engineer highly accurate architectures and provide…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-08 Sumedha Singla

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) represent the state of the art in many tasks. However, due to their overparameterization, their generalization capabilities are in doubt and still a field under study. Consequently, DNN can overfit and assign…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Juan Maroñas , Daniel Ramos , Roberto Paredes

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable empirical success, yet the absence of a principled theoretical foundation continues to hinder their systematic development. In this survey, we present differential equations as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Hongjue Zhao , Yizhuo Chen , Yuchen Wang , Hairong Qi , Lui Sha , Tarek Abdelzaher , Huajie Shao

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful learning machines that have enabled breakthroughs in several domains. In this work, we introduce a new retrospective loss to improve the training of deep neural network models by utilizing the prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Surgan Jandial , Ayush Chopra , Mausoom Sarkar , Piyush Gupta , Balaji Krishnamurthy , Vineeth Balasubramanian

As Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are rapidly being adopted within large software systems, software developers are increasingly required to design, train, and deploy such models into the systems they develop. Consequently, testing and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Jinhan Kim , Nargiz Humbatova , Gunel Jahangirova , Paolo Tonella , Shin Yoo

DARTS is a popular algorithm for neural architecture search (NAS). Despite its great advantage in search efficiency, DARTS often suffers weak stability, which reflects in the large variation among individual trials as well as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Kaifeng Bi , Changping Hu , Lingxi Xie , Xin Chen , Longhui Wei , Qi Tian

Deep Neural Networks (DNN) are increasingly used as components of larger software systems that need to process complex data, such as images, written texts, audio/video signals. DNN predictions cannot be assumed to be always correct for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Michael Weiss , Paolo Tonella